What Would Be Necessary to Construct a Rule Framework for Sustainability in the New Western Land–Sea Corridor? An Analysis Based on Green International Rule of Law

The New Western Land–Sea Corridor is the lifeline of international cargo transportation between China and the ASEAN. Transit transportation causes environmental damage to transit countries, and there is an urgent need to establish a sustainable rule framework for the New Western Land–Sea Corridor. The international rule of law originates from the documents of the United Nations General Assembly. The theoretical foundation of green transportation is sustainability. The connections and interactions between sustainability and the international rule of law constitute a green international rule of law. From the perspective of the green international rule of law, there are challenges in establishing a sustainable rule framework, such as the limited capacity of transit countries to ensure ecological security, the insufficient supply of collective efforts based on international environmental protection rules, the abuse of environmental protection exceptions leading to trade barriers, and conflicting judgments arising from parallel environmental infringement lawsuits. This article adopts the methods of text research, conceptual interpretation, and comparative research. China should take the green international rule of law as guidance, establish a green foreign aid mechanism for the New Western Land–Sea Corridor, explore an independent contribution mechanism for international environmental protection rules based on collective efforts, adhere to the principle of treaty compliance to limit the abuse of environmental protection exceptions, and build a diversified environmental dispute prevention and resolution mechanism for the New Western Land–Sea Corridor.