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A Transaction Model and Profit Allocation Method of Multiple Energy Storage Oriented to Versatile Regulation Demand

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  • Jin Zhi

    (State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Wuwei Power Supply Company, Wuwei 733000, China)

  • Yuantian Xue

    (State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Wuwei Power Supply Company, Wuwei 733000, China)

  • Xiaozhu Li

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Changcheng Song

    (State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Wuwei Power Supply Company, Wuwei 733000, China)

  • Kaipeng Zhang

    (State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Wuwei Power Supply Company, Wuwei 733000, China)

  • Laijun Chen

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, China)

Abstract

This study proposes a day-ahead transaction model that combines multiple energy storage systems (ESS), including a hydrogen storage system (HSS), battery energy storage system (BESS), and compressed air energy storage (CAES). It is catering to the trend of a diversified power market to respond to the constraints from the insufficient flexibility of a high-proportion renewable energy system (RES). The model is a double-layer game based on the Nash–Stackelberg–cooperative (N–S–C) game. Multiple users in the upper layer form the Nash game with the goal of maximizing their own benefits, while the multiple ESSs in the lower layer form a cooperative game with the goal of maximizing the overall benefits; the two layers form a Stackelberg game. Moreover, an allocation mechanism is proposed to balance the overall and individual rationality and promote the sustainable development of multiple ESSs, considering the operational characteristics. A numerical simulation is carried out using the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model, which is based on data from the renewable energy gathering area in northwest China. The results show that this strategy shortens the energy storage payback period and improves the energy storage utilization. The simulation results indicate that small-scale energy storage with a rated power of less than 18 MWh does not have a price advantage, indicating the need to improve the configuration capacity of energy storage in the future from decentralized energy storage to independent/shared energy storage.

Suggested Citation

  • Jin Zhi & Yuantian Xue & Xiaozhu Li & Changcheng Song & Kaipeng Zhang & Laijun Chen, 2023. "A Transaction Model and Profit Allocation Method of Multiple Energy Storage Oriented to Versatile Regulation Demand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:15849-:d:1278158
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Okubo, Tatsuya & Shimizu, Teruyuki & Hasegawa, Kei & Kikuchi, Yasunori & Manzhos, Sergei & Ihara, Manabu, 2023. "Factors affecting the techno-economic and environmental performance of on-grid distributed hydrogen energy storage systems with solar panels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
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    4. Hemmati, Reza & Mehrjerdi, Hasan & Bornapour, Mosayeb, 2020. "Hybrid hydrogen-battery storage to smooth solar energy volatility and energy arbitrage considering uncertain electrical-thermal loads," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1180-1187.
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