IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i1p809-d1022747.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Two Terminal Instantaneous Power-Based Fault Classification and Location Techniques for Transmission Lines

Author

Listed:
  • Raheel Muzzammel

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Rabia Arshad

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Comsats University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Ali Raza

    (Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Nebras Sobahi

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Umar Alqasemi

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Transmission lines are an important part of the power system, as they are the carriers of power from one end to another. In the event of a fault, the power transferring process is disturbed and can even damage the equipment, which is attached to the generation end as well as the user end. Most of the power systems are connected to the transmission lines, so it is very important to make the transmission lines secure. For protection purposes, relays are used, but relays only trip in the event of a fault and do not tell us about the location of the fault. The power system requires a speedy protection system. For a speedy protection system, quick and fast fault analysis and classification are required. An effective approach for the analysis of the transmission line with three sources is proposed. This method is quite effective and accurate for locating the fault and classifying its types. This technique needs power measurement from both ends simultaneously for fault diagnosis. Instantaneous power and sign power values are used for fault detection and classification. A voltage profile is used to identify the fault location. For three-phase transmission lines, voltage profiles are built up at different segment points to locate the fault. The IEEE-9 bus system is simulated for this technique. MATLAB is employed for simulation purposes. The test system is simulated with different types of faults at different locations. Relay operation has not affected the accuracy of the system. This technique has an accuracy of more than 97%. This method is quite effective for the analysis of power transmission lines. It can discriminate the fault type, identify the faulty phase of the line, and locate the point of the fault. Faults are located with errors not more than 0.45%. Moreover, the time difference between the actual fault and the calculated fault obtained from the estimated location is not more than 0.004 s. Simulations are claimed to be executed in less computational time, ensuring effective and rapid protection against faults.

Suggested Citation

  • Raheel Muzzammel & Rabia Arshad & Ali Raza & Nebras Sobahi & Umar Alqasemi, 2023. "Two Terminal Instantaneous Power-Based Fault Classification and Location Techniques for Transmission Lines," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:809-:d:1022747
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/1/809/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/1/809/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mansouri, Seyed Amir & Nematbakhsh, Emad & Ahmarinejad, Amir & Jordehi, Ahmad Rezaee & Javadi, Mohammad Sadegh & Marzband, Mousa, 2022. "A hierarchical scheduling framework for resilience enhancement of decentralized renewable-based microgrids considering proactive actions and mobile units," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Raheel Muzzammel, 2019. "Traveling Waves-Based Method for Fault Estimation in HVDC Transmission System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-31, September.
    3. Raheel Muzzammel & Ali Raza, 2020. "A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-33, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yanwen Wang & Jiyuan Cao & Zhiming Hu & Xueqian Han & Xuan Zhou, 2023. "Faulty Feeder Detection Based on Grey Correlation Degree of Adaptive Frequency Band in Resonant Grounding Distribution System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Ghaemi, Ali & Safari, Amin & Quteishat, Anas & Younis, Mahmoud A., 2024. "A stacking-based fault forecasting study for power transmission lines under different weather conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhou, Liangsong & Wei, Xiaolong & Suvorov, Anton & Safaraliev, Murodbek, 2024. "Operation of coupled power-gas networks with hydrogen refueling stations, responsive demands and storage systems: A novel stochastic framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    2. Sahebkar Farkhani, Jalal & Çelik, Özgür & Ma, Kaiqi & Bak, Claus Leth & Chen, Zhe, 2024. "A comprehensive review of potential protection methods for VSC multi-terminal HVDC systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Tian, Meng & Zhu, Ziyang & Dong, Zhengcheng & Zhao, Le & Yao, Hongtai, 2025. "Resilience enhancement of cyber–physical distribution systems via mobile power sources and unmanned aerial vehicles," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    4. Bardeeniz, Santi & Panjapornpon, Chanin & Fongsamut, Chalermpan & Ngaotrakanwiwat, Pailin & Hussain, Mohamed Azlan, 2024. "Energy efficiency characteristics analysis for process diagnosis under anomaly using self-adaptive-based SHAP guided optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    5. Pan, Chongchao & Jin, Tai & Li, Na & Wang, Guanxiong & Hou, Xiaowang & Gu, Yueqing, 2023. "Multi-objective and two-stage optimization study of integrated energy systems considering P2G and integrated demand responses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    6. Wang, Qipeng & Zhao, Liang, 2023. "Data-driven stochastic robust optimization of sustainable utility system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    7. Xi Yang & Houde Xu & Jie Wang & Jian Zhang & Shun Li & Xinran Fang, 2025. "Study on Surface Charge Inversion and Accumulation Characteristics of DC Pillar Insulators Based on B-Spline Basis Functions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-18, October.
    8. Han, Gao & Pan, Haiyang & Liu, Yanming & Li, Qian & Wang, Ping, 2025. "A methodology for integrating hydrogen refueling stations in multi-microgrids and coordination of distribution systems and transmission system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    9. Cristina Sousa & Evaldo Costa, 2022. "Types of Policies for the Joint Diffusion of Electric Vehicles with Renewable Energies and Their Use Worldwide," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-19, October.
    10. Zhang, Xi & Dong, Zihang & Huangfu, Fenyu & Ye, Yujian & Strbac, Goran & Kang, Chongqing, 2024. "Strategic dispatch of electric buses for resilience enhancement of urban energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 361(C).
    11. Xianyang Cui & Yulong Liu & Ding Yuan & Tao Jin & Mohamed A. Mohamed, 2023. "A Hierarchical Coordinated Control Strategy for Power Quality Improvement in Energy Router Integrated Active Distribution Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, February.
    12. Abha Pragati & Manohar Mishra & Pravat Kumar Rout & Debadatta Amaresh Gadanayak & Shazia Hasan & B. Rajanarayan Prusty, 2023. "A Comprehensive Survey of HVDC Protection System: Fault Analysis, Methodology, Issues, Challenges, and Future Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-39, May.
    13. Rafaela Nascimento & Felipe Ramos & Aline Pinheiro & Washington de Araujo Silva Junior & Ayrlw M. C. Arcanjo & Roberto F. Dias Filho & Mohamed A. Mohamed & Manoel H. N. Marinho, 2022. "Case Study of Backup Application with Energy Storage in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-12, December.
    14. Wang, Dongxue & Fan, Ruguo & Xu, Xiaoxia & Du, Kang & Wang, Yitong & Dou, Xihao, 2024. "Hybrid game model for electricity trading and pricing among multiple microgrids and consumers based on demand-side complex networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    15. Li, Linyue & Li, Chenxiao & Alharthi, Yahya Z. & Wang, Yubin & Safaraliev, Murodbek, 2025. "A two-layer economic resilience model for distribution network restoration after natural disasters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    16. Habib, Salman & El-Ferik, Sami & Gulzar, Muhammad Majid & Chauhdary, Sohaib Tahir & Ahmad, Hasnain & Ahmed, Emad M., 2025. "Optimizing integrated energy systems with a robust MISOCP model and C&CG algorithm for enhanced grid efficiency and profitability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    17. Ming Chen & Xuandong Liu & Chengjun Liang & Yi Zhao & Hao Tang, 2019. "Study on Surface Charge Accumulation Characteristics of Resin Impregnated Paper Wall Bushing Core Under Positive DC Voltage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-14, November.
    18. K, Peddakapu & Mohamed, M.R. & Harika, R. Pavan & Srinivasrao, P. & Licari, J., 2024. "Climate-adaptive battery solutions for renewable microgrids: A case study in Indian coastal and inland regions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    19. Xianyang Cui & Yulong Liu & Ding Yuan & Tao Jin & Mohamed A. Mohamed, 2023. "A New Five-Port Energy Router Structure and Common Bus Voltage Stabilization Control Strategy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    20. Wu, Yongfei & Gu, Weiyu & Huang, Shoujun & Wei, Xiaolong & Safaraliev, Murodbek, 2025. "A four-layer business model for integration of electric vehicle charging stations and hydrogen fuelling stations into modern power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:809-:d:1022747. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.