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Optimal Design of the Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Connected to the Network Utilizing an Improved Version of the Metaheuristic Algorithm

Author

Listed:
  • Xuanxia Guo

    (College of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
    School of Marxism, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China)

  • Noradin Ghadimi

    (Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil 5615731567, Iran)

Abstract

Fuel cells are a newly developed source for generating electric energy. These cells produce electricity through a chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, which releases electrons. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted in this field, leading to the emergence of high-power batteries. This study introduces a novel technique to enhance the power quality of grid-connected proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The proposed approach uses an inverter following a buck converter that reduces voltage. A modified pelican optimization (MPO) algorithm optimizes the controller firing. A comparison is made between the controller’s performance, based on the recommended MPO algorithm and various other recent approaches, demonstrating the superior efficiency of the MPO algorithm. The study’s findings indicate that the current–voltage relationship in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) follows a logarithmic pattern, but becomes linear in the presence of ohmic overvoltage. Furthermore, the PEMFC operates at an impressive efficiency of 60.43% when running at 8 A, and it can deliver a significant power output under specific operating conditions. The MPO algorithm surpasses other strategies in terms of efficiency and reduction in voltage deviation, highlighting its effectiveness in managing the voltage stability, and improving the overall performance. Even during a 0.2 sagging event, the MPO-based controller successfully maintains the fuel cell voltage near its rated value, showcasing the robustness of the optimized regulators. The suggested MPO algorithm also achieves a superior accuracy in maintaining the voltage stability across various operating conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Xuanxia Guo & Noradin Ghadimi, 2023. "Optimal Design of the Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Connected to the Network Utilizing an Improved Version of the Metaheuristic Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13877-:d:1242547
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guida, D. & Minutillo, M., 2017. "Design methodology for a PEM fuel cell power system in a more electrical aircraft," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 446-456.
    2. San Martin, J.I. & Zamora, I. & San Martin, J.J. & Aperribay, V. & Torres, E. & Eguia, P., 2010. "Influence of the rated power in the performance of different proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 1898-1907.
    3. M F Roslan & Ali Q Al-Shetwi & M A Hannan & P J Ker & A W M Zuhdi, 2020. "Particle swarm optimization algorithm-based PI inverter controller for a grid-connected PV system," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-31, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. B. Karthikeyan & Palanisamy Ramasamy & M. Pandi Maharajan & N. Padmamalini & J. Sivakumar & Subhashree Choudhury & George Fernandez Savari, 2024. "The Optimization of PEM Fuel-Cell Operating Parameters with the Design of a Multiport High-Gain DC–DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.

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