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The Influence of Pyrolysis Time and Temperature on the Composition and Properties of Bio-Oil Prepared from Tanjong Leaves ( Mimusops elengi )

Author

Listed:
  • Leni Maulinda

    (Postgraduate School of Engineering Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Malikussaleh, Lhokseumawe 24355, Indonesia)

  • Husni Husin

    (Postgraduate School of Engineering Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

  • Nasrul Arahman

    (Postgraduate School of Engineering Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

  • Cut Meurah Rosnelly

    (Postgraduate School of Engineering Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

  • Muhammad Syukri

    (Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

  • Nurhazanah

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

  • Fahrizal Nasution

    (Postgraduate School of Engineering Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

  • Ahmadi

    (Postgraduate School of Engineering Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
    Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia)

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate the influence of pyrolysis time and temperature on the composition and properties of bio-oil derived from Mimusops elengi . Experiments were conducted by varying the pyrolysis temperature and time from 400 to 600 °C and 30 to 120 min, respectively. Both pyrolysis temperature and time were found to significantly influence the bio-oil composition. At enhanced pyrolysis temperatures, the bio-oil yield increased while the ash and gas yields decreased. In addition, extended pyrolysis time produced a greater bio-oil yield, indicating that higher temperatures and longer durations promote additional decomposition of biomass. Functional groupings, including alcohols, phenols, ketones, esters, and aromatic compounds in the bio-oil, were identified via FT-IR analysis, indicating that the bio-oil’s diversified chemical properties make it a potential alternative feedstock. GC-MS analysis identified 26 chemical compounds in the bio-oil, of which phenol was the most abundant. However, a high phenol content can diminish bio-oil quality by enhancing acidity, decreasing heating value, and encouraging engine corrosion. Temperature and pyrolysis time are crucial factors in producing bio-oil with the desired chemical composition and physical properties. The maximum yield, 34.13%, was attained after 90 min of operation at 500 °C. The characteristics of the Mimusops elengi bio-oil produced, namely density, viscosity, pH, and HHV were 1.15 g/cm 3 , 1.60 cSt, 4.41, and 19.91 MJ/kg, respectively, in accordance with ASTM D7544. Using Mimusops elengi as a pyrolysis feedstock demonstrates its potential as an environmentally friendly energy source for a variety of industrial and environmental applications. The yield of bio-oil produced is not optimal due to the formation of tar, which results in the blockage of the output flow during the pyrolysis process.

Suggested Citation

  • Leni Maulinda & Husni Husin & Nasrul Arahman & Cut Meurah Rosnelly & Muhammad Syukri & Nurhazanah & Fahrizal Nasution & Ahmadi, 2023. "The Influence of Pyrolysis Time and Temperature on the Composition and Properties of Bio-Oil Prepared from Tanjong Leaves ( Mimusops elengi )," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13851-:d:1242146
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    References listed on IDEAS

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