IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i17p13031-d1228300.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Harmonizing Heritage and Artificial Neural Networks: The Role of Sustainable Tourism in UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Author

Listed:
  • Alper Bozkurt

    (Department of Tourism Management, Business Faculty, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, 01250 Adana, Türkiye)

  • Ferhat Şeker

    (Department of Tourism Management, Business Faculty, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, 01250 Adana, Türkiye)

Abstract

The classification of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites (WHS) is essential for promoting sustainable tourism and ensuring the long-term conservation of cultural and natural heritage sites. Therefore, two commonly used techniques for classification problems, multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) neural networks, were utilized to define the pros and cons of their applications. Then, according to the findings, both correlation attribute evaluator (CAE) and relief attribute evaluator (RAE) identified the region and date of inscription as the most prominent features in the classification of UNESCO WHS. As a result, a trade-off condition arises when classifying a large dataset for sustainable tourism between MLP and RBF regarding evaluation time and accuracy. MLP achieves a slightly higher accuracy rate with higher processing time, while RBF achieves a slightly lower accuracy rate but with much faster evaluation time.

Suggested Citation

  • Alper Bozkurt & Ferhat Şeker, 2023. "Harmonizing Heritage and Artificial Neural Networks: The Role of Sustainable Tourism in UNESCO World Heritage Sites," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:17:p:13031-:d:1228300
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/17/13031/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/17/13031/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jesús Claudio Pérez-Gálvez & Miguel Jesús Medina-Viruel & Carol Jara-Alba & Tomás López-Guzmán, 2021. "Segmentation of food market visitors in World Heritage Sites. Case study of the city of Córdoba (Spain)," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(8), pages 1139-1153, April.
    2. Irene Ramos-Soler & Alba-María Martínez-Sala & Concepción Campillo-Alhama, 2019. "ICT and the Sustainability of World Heritage Sites. Analysis of Senior Citizens’ Use of Tourism Apps," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Raniah Alsahafi & Ahmed Alzahrani & Rashid Mehmood, 2023. "Smarter Sustainable Tourism: Data-Driven Multi-Perspective Parameter Discovery for Autonomous Design and Operations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-64, February.
    4. Carlos Santos-Iglesia & Pablo Fernández-Arias & Álvaro Antón-Sancho & Diego Vergara, 2022. "Energy Consumption of the Urban Transport Fleet in UNESCO World Heritage Sites: A Case Study of Ávila (Spain)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, May.
    5. Parga Dans, Eva & Alonso González, Pablo, 2019. "Sustainable tourism and social value at World Heritage Sites: Towards a conservation plan for Altamira, Spain," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 68-80.
    6. Blanka Škrabić Perić & Blanka Šimundić & Vinko Muštra & Marijana Vugdelija, 2021. "The Role of UNESCO Cultural Heritage and Cultural Sector in Tourism Development: The Case of EU Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-14, May.
    7. Vivina Carreira & M. Rosario González-Rodríguez & M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández, 2022. "The relevance of motivation, authenticity and destination image to explain future behavioural intention in a UNESCO World Heritage Site," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(4), pages 650-673, February.
    8. Haipeng Zhang & Kangning Xiong & Guangyu Fei & Ao Jin & Shirong Zhang, 2023. "Factors Influencing the Conservation Intentions of Visitors to a World Heritage Site: A Case Study of Libo Karst," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-20, March.
    9. Yadav, Amit Kumar & Sharma, Vikrant & Malik, Hasmat & Chandel, S.S., 2018. "Daily array yield prediction of grid-interactive photovoltaic plant using relief attribute evaluator based Radial Basis Function Neural Network," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2115-2127.
    10. Sunwoo Park & Namho Chung & Won Seok Lee, 2020. "Preserving the Culture of Jeju Haenyeo (Women Divers) as a Sustainable Tourism Resource," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-11, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kinga Kimic & Carlos Smaniotto Costa & Mihaela Negulescu, 2021. "Creating Tourism Destinations of Underground Built Heritage—The Cases of Salt Mines in Poland, Portugal, and Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-23, August.
    2. Karol Król, 2021. "Assessment of the Cultural Heritage Potential in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Srivastava, Raj Shekhar & Kumar, Anuruddh & Thakur, Harishchandra & Vaish, Rahul, 2022. "Solar assisted thermoelectric cooling/heating system for vehicle cabin during parking: A numerical study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 384-403.
    4. Giotis Georgios, 2022. "Preliminary Results on the Employment Effect of Tourism. A meta-analysis," Papers 2206.00174, arXiv.org.
    5. Daniela Sorea & Codrina Csesznek & Gabriela Georgeta Rățulea, 2022. "The Culture-Centered Development Potential of Communities in Făgăraș Land (Romania)," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-32, June.
    6. Mirabela-Constanta MATEI & Alexandru-David ABRUDAN & Leonard-Calin ABRUDAN & Maria-Madela ABRUDAN, 2021. "Modelling Tourism And Culture Expenditure In Romania €“ Evidence Of Change In Cultural Values," Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 15(1), pages 119-128, November.
    7. Palazzo, Maria & Vollero, Agostino & Vitale, Pierluigi & Siano, Alfonso, 2021. "Urban and rural destinations on Instagram: Exploring the influencers’ role in #sustainabletourism," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    8. Aziza Chakir & Meriyem Chergui & Johanes Fernandes Andry, 2021. "A decisional smart approach for the adoption of the IT green," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 8857-8871, June.
    9. Changsok Yoo & Yelim Kim & Jee Hoon Sohn, 2021. "Evaluating the Social Cost of Conflict between New Media and Society: The Case of Gaming Disorder in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-13, July.
    10. Sangmin Lee & Donghan Kim & Sunwoo Park & Wonseok Lee, 2021. "A Study on the Strategic Decision Making Used in the Revitalization of Fishing Village Tourism: Using A’WOT Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-12, July.
    11. He, Jun & Huang, Zilong & Mishra, Arunodaya Raj & Alrasheedi, Melfi, 2021. "Developing a new framework for conceptualizing the emerging sustainable community-based tourism using an extended interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy SWARA-MULTIMOORA," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    12. Eva Parga Dans & Pablo Alonso González, 2021. "The Unethical Enterprise of the Past: Lessons from the Collapse of Archaeological Heritage Management in Spain," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 172(3), pages 447-461, September.
    13. Eleonora Santos, 2023. "From Neglect to Progress: Assessing Social Sustainability and Decent Work in the Tourism Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-25, June.
    14. Mateusz Naramski, 2020. "The Application of ICT and Smart Technologies in Polish Museums—Towards Smart Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-27, November.
    15. Vinko Muštra & Blanka Škrabić Perić & Smiljana Pivčević, 2023. "Cultural heritage sites, tourism and regional economic resilience," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 102(3), pages 465-482, June.
    16. Chengcai Tang & Ziwei Wan & Pin Ng & Xiangyi Dai & Qiuxiang Sheng & Da Chen, 2019. "Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Carbon Emissions and Their Influencing Factors for Tourist Attractions at Heritage Tourist Destinations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-19, October.
    17. Chunyu Jiang & Seuk Wai Phoong, 2023. "A ten-year review analysis of the impact of digitization on tourism development (2012–2022)," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, December.
    18. Sifeng Nian & Fajian Liu & Min Chen & Guoqing Cheng, 2022. "Satisfaction of Tourism Communities in World Heritage Sites Based on Residents’ Perceptions—Study Area of Mount Sanqingshan National Park, PRC," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-23, December.
    19. Pablo Fernández-Arias & Diego Vergara & Álvaro Antón-Sancho, 2023. "Bibliometric Review and Technical Summary of PWR Small Modular Reactors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-15, July.
    20. Victoria Ateca-Amestoy & Anna Villarroya & Andreas Joh. Wiesand, 2021. "Heritage Engagement and Subjective Well-Being in the European Union," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:17:p:13031-:d:1228300. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.