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Planning for Implementation: Shifting the Focus of National Biodiversity Strategies to Local Narratives, Existing Institutional Settings and Social Capital

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  • Yves Zinngrebe

    (Research Unit on the Governance of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Department for Conservation Biology and Social-Ecological Systems, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany)

Abstract

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has repeatedly failed to meet its global targets in 2010 and 2020, pointing to persistent obstacles to implementation. National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) are the central instrument for translating global targets into actions across sectors and levels of government, also referred to as mainstreaming. This paper focuses on Peru as a case study to analyse to what extent NBSAPs are capable of addressing context-specific implementation challenges. It develops an analytical framework based on the literature on conservation governance in Peru to analyse to what extent the NBSAP from 2014 and the action plan from 2019 (1) reflect national biodiversity narratives; (2) address dominant causes of biodiversity loss; (3) link targets to sector-specific institutions and processes; and (4) to what extent the Peruvian National Commission for Biological Diversity builds social capital for implementation. The results indicate that the NBSAP (1) is dominated by a capitalist narrative focussing on economic values of biodiversity while giving less importance to other, particularly local narratives; (2) addresses most direct causes, but fails to operationalise its targets into conservation action; (3) has not been designed to connect and guide relevant sector policies, such as environmental impact assessments or agricultural policies; and (4) the strong participation in the commission for biodiversity is not used to foster implementation, but mostly on CBD reporting and planning. Thus, addressing these challenges provides powerful levers for how to harness the NBSAPs’ potential to mainstream biodiversity and increase their relevance for mobilising and guiding implementation and stimulate institutional learning.

Suggested Citation

  • Yves Zinngrebe, 2023. "Planning for Implementation: Shifting the Focus of National Biodiversity Strategies to Local Narratives, Existing Institutional Settings and Social Capital," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9774-:d:1174518
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lily O. Rodríguez & Elías Cisneros & Tatiana Pequeño & Maria T. Fuentes & Yves Zinngrebe, 2018. "Building Adaptive Capacity in Changing Social-Ecological Systems: Integrating Knowledge in Communal Land-Use Planning in the Peruvian Amazon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-28, February.
    2. Ostrom, Elinor, 2010. "Revising theory in light of experimental findings," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 73(1), pages 68-72, January.
    3. Fiona Nunan & Adrian Campbell & Emma Foster, 2012. "Environmental Mainstreaming: The Organisational Challenges Of Policy Integration," Public Administration & Development, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 32(3), pages 262-277, August.
    4. Norman Myers & Russell A. Mittermeier & Cristina G. Mittermeier & Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca & Jennifer Kent, 2000. "Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities," Nature, Nature, vol. 403(6772), pages 853-858, February.
    5. Zinngrebe, Yves, 2016. "Incorporating biodiversity conservation in Peruvian development: A history with different episodes," DARE Discussion Papers 1606, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE).
    6. Simo Sarkki & Jari Niemelä & Rob Tinch & Jukka-Pekka Jäppinen & Matti Nummelin & Heikki Toivonen & Marina Von Weissenberg, 2016. "Are national biodiversity strategies and action plans appropriate for building responsibilities for mainstreaming biodiversity across policy sectors? The case of Finland," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(8), pages 1377-1396, August.
    7. Zinngrebe, Yves, 2016. "Incorporating Biodiversity Conservation in Peruvian Development - A history with different episodes," Department of Agricultural and Rural Development (DARE) Discussion Papers 236243, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE).
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