IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i10p8415-d1152894.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Carbon Neutrality in Municipalities: Balancing Individual and District Heating Renewable Energy Solutions

Author

Listed:
  • Lauma Balode

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Beate Zlaugotne

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Armands Gravelsins

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Oskars Svedovs

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Ieva Pakere

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Vladimirs Kirsanovs

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Dagnija Blumberga

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

Abstract

Carbon neutrality in municipalities can be achieved by combining individual heating and district heating solutions involving the use of renewable energy sources. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, but the best solution depends on the specific circumstances of each municipality. As an environmentally friendly and efficient energy use, a decentralised heat supply contributes to achieving energy conservation and emissions reduction goals. Decentralised energy use, such as solar collectors with thermal energy storage or biomass as a resource, reduces dependence on centralised heat generation and transmission. The appropriate infrastructure for connection to district heating networks has not yet been built. On the other hand, it is easier to make investments to construct proper infrastructure in the case of large-scale centralised heat supplies. Moreover, a centralised heat supply with renewable energy sources can provide more inhabitants with renewable heat energy. Within the framework of the study, the possibilities of using renewable energy sources in one of the municipalities of Latvia—the Carnikava parish of Ādaži Municipality—are analysed. The study examines two scenario complexes including individual heating solutions in buildings or district heating solutions with a centralised approach. The study evaluates several alternatives to increase the share of RES (solar collectors, biomass, heat pumps, etc.) in the centralised heat supply. To evaluate individual RES solutions in various municipal buildings, this study evaluates alternatives with different technical solutions that increase the use of RES in heat supply.

Suggested Citation

  • Lauma Balode & Beate Zlaugotne & Armands Gravelsins & Oskars Svedovs & Ieva Pakere & Vladimirs Kirsanovs & Dagnija Blumberga, 2023. "Carbon Neutrality in Municipalities: Balancing Individual and District Heating Renewable Energy Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:8415-:d:1152894
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/10/8415/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/10/8415/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ryszard Kata & Kazimierz Cyran & Sławomir Dybka & Małgorzata Lechwar & Rafał Pitera, 2022. "The Role of Local Government in Implementing Renewable Energy Sources in Households (Podkarpacie Case Study)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, April.
    2. Thellufsen, J.Z. & Lund, H. & Sorknæs, P. & Østergaard, P.A. & Chang, M. & Drysdale, D. & Nielsen, S. & Djørup, S.R. & Sperling, K., 2020. "Smart energy cities in a 100% renewable energy context," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    3. Lauma Balode & Kristiāna Dolge & Dagnija Blumberga, 2021. "The Contradictions between District and Individual Heating towards Green Deal Targets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-26, March.
    4. Gebremedhin, Alemayehu, 2012. "Introducing District Heating in a Norwegian town – Potential for reduced Local and Global Emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 300-304.
    5. Askeland, Kristine & Bozhkova, Kristina N. & Sorknæs, Peter, 2019. "Balancing Europe: Can district heating affect the flexibility potential of Norwegian hydropower resources?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 646-656.
    6. Yoon, Taeyeon & Ma, Yongsun & Rhodes, Charles, 2015. "Individual Heating systems vs. District Heating systems: What will consumers pay for convenience?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 73-81.
    7. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza & Hejazi, Seyed Reza, 2020. "A review of optimal energy policy instruments on industrial energy efficiency programs, rebound effects, and government policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Yousaf Arshad & Muhammad Azam Saeed & Muhammad Wasim Tahir & Ahsan Raza & Anam Suhail Ahmad & Fasiha Tahir & Bartłomiej Borkowski & Tadeusz Mączka & Lukasz Niedzwiecki, 2023. "Role of Experimental, Modeling, and Simulation Studies of Plasma in Sustainable Green Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-35, September.
    2. Janis Kramens & Oskars Svedovs & Amanda Sturmane & Edgars Vigants & Vladimirs Kirsanovs & Dagnija Blumberga, 2024. "Exploring Energy Security and Independence for Small Energy Users: A Latvian Case Study on Unleashing Stirling Engine Potential," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-27, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Lauma Balode & Kristiāna Dolge & Dagnija Blumberga, 2021. "The Contradictions between District and Individual Heating towards Green Deal Targets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-26, March.
    3. Lauma Balode & Kristiāna Dolge & Dagnija Blumberga, 2023. "Sector-Specific Pathways to Sustainability: Unravelling the Most Promising Renewable Energy Options," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-24, August.
    4. Lake, Andrew & Rezaie, Behanz & Beyerlein, Steven, 2017. "Review of district heating and cooling systems for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 417-425.
    5. Mimica, Marko & Dominković, Dominik Franjo & Capuder, Tomislav & Krajačić, Goran, 2021. "On the value and potential of demand response in the smart island archipelago," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 153-168.
    6. Hyo-Jin Kim & Seul-Ye Lim & Seung-Hoon Yoo, 2017. "The Convenience Benefits of the District Heating System over Individual Heating Systems in Korean Households," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-12, August.
    7. Wang, Jiangjiang & Deng, Hongda & Qi, Xiaoling, 2022. "Cost-based site and capacity optimization of multi-energy storage system in the regional integrated energy networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    8. Wenxiao Chu & Maria Vicidomini & Francesco Calise & Neven Duić & Poul Alborg Østergaard & Qiuwang Wang & Maria da Graça Carvalho, 2022. "Recent Advances in Low-Carbon and Sustainable, Efficient Technology: Strategies and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-30, April.
    9. Lund, Henrik & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck & Sorknæs, Peter & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Chang, Miguel & Madsen, Poul Thøis & Kany, Mikkel Strunge & Skov, Iva Ridjan, 2022. "Smart energy Denmark. A consistent and detailed strategy for a fully decarbonized society," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    10. Persson, Urban & Wiechers, Eva & Möller, Bernd & Werner, Sven, 2019. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Heat distribution costs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 604-622.
    11. Wang, Yang & Zhang, Shanhong & Chow, David & Kuckelkorn, Jens M., 2021. "Evaluation and optimization of district energy network performance: Present and future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    12. Maruf, Md. Nasimul Islam, 2021. "Open model-based analysis of a 100% renewable and sector-coupled energy system–The case of Germany in 2050," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    13. Rafał Nagaj & Bożena Gajdzik & Radosław Wolniak & Wieslaw Wes Grebski, 2024. "The Impact of Deep Decarbonization Policy on the Level of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the European Union," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-23, March.
    14. Ju-Hee Kim & Younggew Kim & Seung-Hoon Yoo, 2021. "Using a choice experiment to explore the public willingness to pay for the impacts of improving energy efficiency of an apartment," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(5), pages 1775-1793, October.
    15. Nikas, A. & Gambhir, A. & Trutnevyte, E. & Koasidis, K. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Mayer, D. & Zachmann, G. & Miguel, L.J. & Ferreras-Alonso, N. & Sognnaes, I. & Peters, G.P. & Colombo, E. & Howe, 2021. "Perspective of comprehensive and comprehensible multi-model energy and climate science in Europe," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
    16. Du, Mingxi & Wang, Xiaoge & Peng, Changhui & Shan, Yuli & Chen, Huai & Wang, Meng & Zhu, Qiuan, 2018. "Quantification and scenario analysis of CO2 emissions from the central heating supply system in China from 2006 to 2025," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 869-875.
    17. Ieva Pakere & Dace Lauka & Dagnija Blumberga, 2020. "Does the Balance Exist between Cost Efficiency of Different Energy Efficiency Measures? DH Systems Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-16, October.
    18. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Andersen, Anders N., 2021. "Variable taxes promoting district heating heat pump flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    19. Meles, Tensay Hadush & Ryan, Lisa & Mukherjee, Sanghamitra C., 2022. "Heterogeneity in preferences for renewable home heating systems among Irish households," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    20. Jiang, X.S. & Jing, Z.X. & Li, Y.Z. & Wu, Q.H. & Tang, W.H., 2014. "Modelling and operation optimization of an integrated energy based direct district water-heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 375-388.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:8415-:d:1152894. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.