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Clean Cruise Shipping: Experience from the BSR

Author

Listed:
  • Eunice O. Olaniyi

    (Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland)

  • Gunnar Prause

    (School of Business and Governance, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 3, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
    Wismar Business School, Wismar University, Philipp-Müller-Str. 14, 23966 Wismar, Germany)

  • Vera Gerasimova

    (School of Business and Governance, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 3, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia)

  • Tommi Inkinen

    (Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland)

Abstract

The study calculates the costs of the environmental impact of cruise shipping to determine how and to what extent the cruise industry has evolved towards clean shipping in the Baltic Sea Region. While environmental regulations connect directly to emissions reduction, measures to ensure a clean shipping industry are beyond regulatory measures. The sector should be able to fully operate within an environmentally, socially, and financially acceptable structure. A holistic shipping pollution and emissions index, for example, must also include financial or economic quantification of the major environmental impacts. Thus, using empirical data collated from the industry, uncontrolled observations, and experts’ interviews, we present the annual CO 2 emissions and the related emissions costs of a typical 7-day cruise that operates within the Baltic Sea region (BSR) as well as a waste management report from the port of Saint Petersburg. The result is a detailed energy demand and cost inventory assessment of cruise trips and their overall impact on the clean shipping campaign of the maritime industry. The focus on a BSR cruise and a port city led to realistic and reliable results since the Baltic Sea represents a well-defined macroregion with clear ports and cruising structures suitable for cross-sectoral activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Eunice O. Olaniyi & Gunnar Prause & Vera Gerasimova & Tommi Inkinen, 2022. "Clean Cruise Shipping: Experience from the BSR," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5002-:d:799045
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Gunnar Prause & Eunice O. Olaniyi & Wolfgang Gerstlberger, 2023. "Ammonia Production as Alternative Energy for the Baltic Sea Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-17, February.
    2. Prause, Gunnar (Ed.), 2025. "The maritime perspective of Latin America," Wismar Discussion Papers 03/2025, Hochschule Wismar, Wismar Business School.
    3. Guomin Li & Wei Li & Yinke Dou & Yigang Wei, 2022. "Antarctic Shipborne Tourism: Carbon Emission and Mitigation Path," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.

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