IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i3p1278-d731849.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Operational Energy and Carbon Cost Assessment Model for Family Houses in Saudi Arabia

Author

Listed:
  • Othman Alshamrani

    (College of Architecture and Planning Building Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Adel Alshibani

    (Construction Engineering and Management Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
    Interdisciplinary Research Center of Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Awsan Mohammed

    (Construction Engineering and Management Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
    Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Mobility and Logistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

In Saudi Arabia, housing projects account for almost half of the total electricity consumed by the construction industry because of the large number of housing projects compared to other types of buildings. This paper proposes a quantitative approach using a multiple linear regression assessment model to predict the energy cost and environmental cost of housing building in Saudi Arabia. It was developed to assist house owners in Saudi Arabia in estimating the monthly energy cost and associated operational carbon cost according to several predictor parameters. Based on related literature, these parameters were reviewed and discussed by experts from the Ministry of Housing. They included building location, wall type, number of occupants, window type, envelope insulation, building age, building area, number of air-conditioning units and their systems, and lighting system. The model development process included five main stages: collecting the energy and carbon cost data from completed operating housing units, categorizing the collected data based on parameters, diagnosing the quality of gathered data and filtering outlier data if any, building and generating a model, and lastly, testing and validating the model. More than 77 datasets were collected across the country during different times of the year. The findings of this study reveal that the relationship between the number of users and the building area with the energy cost is significant and that the number of users is more correlated to the energy cost than the age of the building or the number of central air conditioners installed. Moreover, the results show that the developed model has the ability to predict energy and carbon costs with high accuracy. The developed model serves as a decision support tool for householders and decision makers in the Ministry of Housing to control the predicted parameters. This would be beneficial for the housing unit owners for allocating constrained budgets.

Suggested Citation

  • Othman Alshamrani & Adel Alshibani & Awsan Mohammed, 2022. "Operational Energy and Carbon Cost Assessment Model for Family Houses in Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:1278-:d:731849
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1278/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1278/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, Guiqiang & Lu, Yashun & Shittu, Samson & Zhao, Xudong, 2020. "Scale effect on electrical characteristics of CPC-PV," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    2. Rui Chen & Xinglu Liu & Lixin Miao & Peng Yang, 2020. "Electric Vehicle Tour Planning Considering Range Anxiety," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, May.
    3. Rafal Zgadzaj & T. Silva & V. K. Khudyakov & A. Sosedkin & J. Allen & S. Gessner & Zhengyan Li & M. Litos & J. Vieira & K. V. Lotov & M. J. Hogan & V. Yakimenko & M. C. Downer, 2020. "Dissipation of electron-beam-driven plasma wakes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Teng Li & Zhijie Jiao & Lina Wang & Yong Mu, 2020. "A Method of DC Arc Detection in All-Electric Aircraft," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-14, August.
    5. López Prol, Javier & O, Sungmin, 2020. "Impact of COVID-19 measures on electricity consumption," MPRA Paper 101649, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Mingxiao Li & Jingwei Ling & Yang He & Usman A. Javid & Shixin Xue & Qiang Lin, 2020. "Lithium niobate photonic-crystal electro-optic modulator," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    7. Itf, 2020. "Electrifying Postal Delivery Vehicles in Korea," International Transport Forum Policy Papers 73, OECD Publishing.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Abood Khaled Alamoudi & Rotimi Boluwatife Abidoye & Terence Y. M. Lam, 2022. "The Impact of Stakeholders’ Management Measures on Citizens’ Participation Level in Implementing Smart Sustainable Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sophia Alim, 2021. "Web Accessibility of the Top Research-Intensive Universities in the UK," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(4), pages 21582440211, November.
    2. Ran, Cuiling & Zhang, Yanzi & Yin, Ying, 2021. "Demand response to improve the shared electric vehicle planning: Managerial insights, sustainable benefits," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    3. Rostad Sæther, Simen, 2022. "Mobility at the crossroads – Electric mobility policy and charging infrastructure lessons from across Europe," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 144-159.
    4. Wang, Qiliang & Yao, Yao & Shen, Zhicheng & Yang, Hongxing, 2023. "A hybrid parabolic trough solar collector system integrated with photovoltaics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 329(C).
    5. Shekhar, Jai & Suri, Dhruv & Somani, Priyanshi & Lee, Stephen J. & Arora, Mahika, 2021. "Reduced renewable energy stability in India following COVID-19: Insights and key policy recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    6. Li, Xuelian & Lin, Panpan & Lin, Jyh-Horng, 2020. "COVID-19, insurer board utility, and capital regulation," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    7. Gertner, Daniel & Dennis, Elliott, 2020. "Impact of COVID-19 on Demand for Distillers Grains from Impact of COVID-19 on Demand for Distillers Grains from Livestock Operations Livestock Operations," Cornhusker Economics 309740, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Agricultural Economics.
    8. Chaofeng Tang & Kentaka Aruga, 2021. "Effects of the 2008 Financial Crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic on the Dynamic Relationship between the Chinese and International Fossil Fuel Markets," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-11, May.
    9. Lina Wang & Ehtisham Lodhi & Pu Yang & Hongcheng Qiu & Waheed Ur Rehman & Zeeshan Lodhi & Tariku Sinshaw Tamir & M. Adil Khan, 2022. "Adaptive Local Mean Decomposition and Multiscale-Fuzzy Entropy-Based Algorithms for the Detection of DC Series Arc Faults in PV Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-16, May.
    10. Burleyson, Casey D. & Rahman, Aowabin & Rice, Jennie S. & Smith, Amanda D. & Voisin, Nathalie, 2021. "Multiscale effects masked the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on electricity demand in the United States," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    11. Ji-Qian Wang & Zi-Dong Zhang & Si-Yuan Yu & Hao Ge & Kang-Fu Liu & Tao Wu & Xiao-Chen Sun & Le Liu & Hua-Yang Chen & Cheng He & Ming-Hui Lu & Yan-Feng Chen, 2022. "Extended topological valley-locked surface acoustic waves," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    12. Thomas Pownall & Iain Soutar & Catherine Mitchell, 2021. "Re-Designing GB’s Electricity Market Design: A Conceptual Framework Which Recognises the Value of Distributed Energy Resources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-26, February.
    13. Mohannad Alkhraijah & Maad Alowaifeer & Mansour Alsaleh & Anas Alfaris & Daniel K. Molzahn, 2021. "The Effects of Social Distancing on Electricity Demand Considering Temperature Dependency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-14, January.
    14. Vahab Rostampour & Thom S. Badings & Jacquelien M. A. Scherpen, 2020. "Demand Flexibility Management for Buildings-to-Grid Integration with Uncertain Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-19, December.
    15. Sheba TEJANI & Sakiko FUKUDA‐PARR, 2021. "Gender and COVID‐19: Workers in global value chains," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 160(4), pages 649-667, December.
    16. Emilia M. Szumska & Rafał S. Jurecki, 2021. "Parameters Influencing on Electric Vehicle Range," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    17. Yong Wang & Jingxin Zhou & Yaoyao Sun & Xiuwen Wang & Jiayi Zhe & Haizhong Wang, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Charging Station Location-Routing Problem with Time Windows and Resource Sharing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-31, September.
    18. Edyta Rutkowska-Tomaszewska & Aleksandra Łakomiak & Marta Stanisławska, 2021. "The Economic Effect of the Pandemic in the Energy Sector on the Example of Listed Energy Companies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-28, December.
    19. Wang, Qiang & Li, Shuyu & Zhang, Min & Li, Rongrong, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on oil consumption in the United States: A new estimation approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    20. Arash Azadegan & Kevin Dooley, 2021. "A Typology of Supply Network Resilience Strategies: Complex Collaborations in a Complex World," Journal of Supply Chain Management, Institute for Supply Management, vol. 57(1), pages 17-26, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:1278-:d:731849. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.