IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i19p12829-d936261.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy Efficiency of Personal Computers: A Comparative Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Beatriz Prieto

    (Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, CITIC, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Juan José Escobar

    (Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, CITIC, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Juan Carlos Gómez-López

    (Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, CITIC, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Antonio F. Díaz

    (Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, CITIC, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Thomas Lampert

    (ICube, University of Strasbourg, F-67081 Strasbourg, France)

Abstract

The demand for electricity related to Information and Communications Technologies is constantly growing and significantly contributes to the increase in global greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce this harmful growth, it is necessary to address this problem from different perspectives. Among these is changing the computing scale, such as migrating, if possible, algorithms and processes to the most energy efficient resources. In this context, this paper explores the possibility of running scientific and engineering programs on personal computers and compares the obtained power efficiency on these systems with that of mainframe computers and even supercomputers. Anecdotally, this paper also shows how the power efficiency obtained for the same workloads on personal computers is similar to that obtained on supercomputers included in the Green500 ranking.

Suggested Citation

  • Beatriz Prieto & Juan José Escobar & Juan Carlos Gómez-López & Antonio F. Díaz & Thomas Lampert, 2022. "Energy Efficiency of Personal Computers: A Comparative Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-23, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12829-:d:936261
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/19/12829/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/19/12829/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Matteo Manganelli & Alessandro Soldati & Luigi Martirano & Seeram Ramakrishna, 2021. "Strategies for Improving the Sustainability of Data Centers via Energy Mix, Energy Conservation, and Circular Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, May.
    2. Jens Malmodin & Dag Lundén, 2018. "The Energy and Carbon Footprint of the Global ICT and E&M Sectors 2010–2015," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-31, August.
    3. Anders S. G. Andrae & Tomas Edler, 2015. "On Global Electricity Usage of Communication Technology: Trends to 2030," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-41, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Alberto Ortega & Abel Miguel Cano-Delgado & Beatriz Prieto & Jesús González, 2023. "Design of a Standard and Programmatically Accessible Interface for Smart Meters to Allow Monitoring Automation of the Energy Consumed by the Execution of Computer Software," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-16, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lange, Steffen & Pohl, Johanna & Santarius, Tilman, 2020. "Digitalization and energy consumption. Does ICT reduce energy demand?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    2. Tilman Santarius & Johanna Pohl & Steffen Lange, 2020. "Digitalization and the Decoupling Debate: Can ICT Help to Reduce Environmental Impacts While the Economy Keeps Growing?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-20, September.
    3. Rishan Adha & Cheng-Yih Hong & Somya Agrawal & Li-Hua Li, 2023. "ICT, carbon emissions, climate change, and energy demand nexus: The potential benefit of digitalization in Taiwan," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(5), pages 1619-1638, August.
    4. Williams, Laurence & Sovacool, Benjamin K. & Foxon, Timothy J., 2022. "The energy use implications of 5G: Reviewing whole network operational energy, embodied energy, and indirect effects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    5. Jiang, Peng & Fan, Yee Van & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2021. "Impacts of COVID-19 on energy demand and consumption: Challenges, lessons and emerging opportunities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    6. Nicolas Moreau & Thibault Pirson & Grégoire Le Brun & Thibault Delhaye & Georgiana Sandu & Antoine Paris & David Bol & Jean-Pierre Raskin, 2021. "Could Unsustainable Electronics Support Sustainability?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-7, June.
    7. Charfeddine, Lanouar & Umlai, Mohamed, 2023. "ICT sector, digitization and environmental sustainability: A systematic review of the literature from 2000 to 2022," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    8. Zhenxiang Cao & Liqing Peng, 2023. "The Impact of Digital Economics on Environmental Quality: A System Dynamics Approach," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    9. Steffen Dalsgaard, 2022. "Can IT Resolve the Climate Crisis? Sketching the Role of an Anthropology of Digital Technology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-17, May.
    10. Axenbeck, Janna & Niebel, Thomas, 2021. "Climate Protection Potentials of Digitalized Production Processes: Microeconometric Evidence," 23rd ITS Biennial Conference, Online Conference / Gothenburg 2021. Digital societies and industrial transformations: Policies, markets, and technologies in a post-Covid world 238007, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).
    11. Chien, Fengsheng & Anwar, Ahsan & Hsu, Ching-Chi & Sharif, Arshian & Razzaq, Asif & Sinha, Avik, 2021. "The role of information and communication technology in encountering environmental degradation: Proposing an SDG framework for the BRICS countries," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    12. Sun, Xianming & Xiao, Shiyi & Ren, Xiaohang & Xu, Bing, 2023. "Time-varying impact of information and communication technology on carbon emissions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    13. Anders S. G. Andrae & Mengjun Xia & Jianli Zhang & Xiaoming Tang, 2016. "Practical Eco-Design and Eco-Innovation of Consumer Electronics—the Case of Mobile Phones," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-19, February.
    14. Muhammad Fahad & Arsalan Shahid & Ravi Reddy Manumachu & Alexey Lastovetsky, 2019. "A Comparative Study of Methods for Measurement of Energy of Computing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-42, June.
    15. Shah, Syed Ale Raza & Zhang, Qianxiao & Abbas, Jaffar & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Pilař, Ladislav, 2023. "Technology, Urbanization and Natural Gas Supply Matter for Carbon Neutrality: A New Evidence of Environmental Sustainability under the Prism of COP26," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    16. John Martinovic & Markus Hähnel & Guntram Scheithauer & Waltenegus Dargie, 2022. "An introduction to stochastic bin packing-based server consolidation with conflicts," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 30(2), pages 296-331, July.
    17. Anders S. G. Andrae & Mikko Samuli Vaija, 2017. "Precision of a Streamlined Life Cycle Assessment Approach Used in Eco-Rating of Mobile Phones," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-24, August.
    18. Salil Bharany & Sandeep Sharma & Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf & Ghaida Muttashar Abdulsahib & Abeer S. Al Humaimeedy & Theyazn H. H. Aldhyani & Mashael Maashi & Hasan Alkahtani, 2022. "A Systematic Survey on Energy-Efficient Techniques in Sustainable Cloud Computing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-89, May.
    19. Elgaaied-Gambier, Leila & Bertrandias, Laurent & Bernard, Yohan, 2020. "Cutting the Internet's Environmental Footprint: An Analysis of Consumers' Self-Attribution of Responsibility," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 120-135.
    20. Baischew, Dajan & Elbanna, Ahmed & Lucidi, Stefano & Sörries, Bernd & Plückebaum, Thomas, 2021. "Die Grundzüge von 6G," WIK Discussion Papers 479, WIK Wissenschaftliches Institut für Infrastruktur und Kommunikationsdienste GmbH.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12829-:d:936261. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.