IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i6p3317-d518971.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Qualitative Analysis of Implementing E-Learning during the COVID-19 Lockdown

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano

    (Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Manuel Segura-Berges

    (Colegio Compañía de María, 50004 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Manuel Lizalde-Gil

    (Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Juan Carlos Bustamante

    (Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

The existing literature evidences the potential of the e-learning methodology, although some call it into question. Our study aimed to analyse the real scope of applying this methodology type to a lockdown situation like that caused by COVID-19. It could provide the scientific and educational community with useful novel information on e-learning and its real adequacy for schools in pre-university educational stages. This qualitative study was designed using questionnaires with open-ended questions for students and semistructured interviews for teachers, management board members, and families of students of Primary and Secondary Education. The scripts of data collection tools were made ad hoc. The thematic analysis was carried out in accordance with the study dimensions by relating the access and use of technological resources in classrooms, implementing the e-learning methodology during face-to-face teaching, and finally knowing the effects of its application during remote teaching in the lockdown situation. The results clearly show a need to adapt and adjust the implementation of this methodology by considering not only its specificities, but also a combination of e-learning and traditional teaching methodologies can help to introduce information and communication technologies (ICT) into classrooms. To conclude, including such a methodology in the educational context can be argued for, provided that specific training is received to allow the potential of both online and traditional teaching to be leveraged.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano & Manuel Segura-Berges & Manuel Lizalde-Gil & Juan Carlos Bustamante, 2021. "A Qualitative Analysis of Implementing E-Learning during the COVID-19 Lockdown," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-28, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3317-:d:518971
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3317/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3317/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Luis Espino-Díaz & Gemma Fernandez-Caminero & Carmen-Maria Hernandez-Lloret & Hugo Gonzalez-Gonzalez & Jose-Luis Alvarez-Castillo, 2020. "Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 on Education Professionals. Toward a Paradigm Shift: ICT and Neuroeducation as a Binomial of Action," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-10, July.
    2. Luis Espino-Díaz & Jose-Luis Alvarez-Castillo & Hugo Gonzalez-Gonzalez & Carmen-Maria Hernandez-Lloret & Gemma Fernandez-Caminero, 2020. "Creating Interactive Learning Environments through the Use of Information and Communication Technologies Applied to Learning of Social Values: An Approach from Neuro-Education," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-8, May.
    3. Christine Redecker, 2017. "European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators: DigCompEdu," JRC Research Reports JRC107466, Joint Research Centre.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Evon M. Abu-Taieh & Issam AlHadid & Rami S. Alkhawaldeh & Sufian Khwaldeh & Ra’ed Masa’deh & Ala’Aldin Alrowwad & Rabah Al-Eidie, 2022. "An Empirical Study of Factors Influencing the Perceived Usefulness and Effectiveness of Integrating E-Learning Systems during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using SEM and ML: A Case Study in Jordan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-27, October.
    2. Blanka Klimova & Marcel Pikhart & Anna Cierniak-Emerych & Szymon Dziuba, 2021. "A Qualitative Analysis of Students’ Reflections on the Current Use of Digital Media in Foreign Language Classes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-11, August.
    3. Adriana Malureanu & Georgeta Panisoara & Iulia Lazar, 2021. "The Relationship between Self-Confidence, Self-Efficacy, Grit, Usefulness, and Ease of Use of eLearning Platforms in Corporate Training during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-20, June.
    4. Josep Petchamé & Ignasi Iriondo & Xavi Canaleta & David Riu & Silvia Necchi, 2021. "Engaging ICT Engineering Undergraduates in a Management Subject through First Day of Class Activities: An Empirical Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-20, July.
    5. Małgorzata Zajdel & Małgorzata Michalcewicz-Kaniowska & Paweł Modrzyński & Anna Komarnicka & Joanna Modrzyńska, 2021. "Conditions and Determinants of Distance Education for Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Evaluation in the Kuyavia-Pomerania Region in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-26, September.
    6. Eva Blondeel & Patricia Everaert & Evelien Opdecam, 2021. "And Then There Was COVID-19: Do the Benefits of Cooperative Learning Disappear When Switching to Online Education?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, November.
    7. Juan Carlos Bustamante & Manuel Segura-Berges & Manuel Lizalde-Gil & Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano, 2022. "Qualitative Analyses of e-Learning Implementation and Hybrid Teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic at Spanish Universities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lenka Mynaříková & Lukáš Novotný, 2021. "The Current Challenges of Further Education in ICT with the Example of the Czech Republic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez, 2021. "Fear, Stress, Resilience and Coping Strategies during COVID-19 in Spanish University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Iñigo Leon & Maialen Sagarna & Fernando Mora & Juan Pedro Otaduy, 2021. "BIM Application for Sustainable Teaching Environment and Solutions in the Context of COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-29, April.
    4. Emilio Crisol Moya & Vanesa Gámiz Sánchez & María Asunción Romero López, 2021. "University Students’ Emotions When Using E-Portfolios in Virtual Education Environments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-16, June.
    5. Giorgio Di Pietro & Federico Biagi & Patricia Costa & Zbigniew Karpinski & Jacopo Mazza, 2020. "The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets," JRC Research Reports JRC121071, Joint Research Centre.
    6. Rushan Ziatdinov & James R. Valles, 2022. "Synthesis of Modeling, Visualization, and Programming in GeoGebra as an Effective Approach for Teaching and Learning STEM Topics," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, January.
    7. Núñez-Canal, Margarita & de Obesso, Mª de las Mercedes & Pérez-Rivero, Carlos Alberto, 2022. "New challenges in higher education: A study of the digital competence of educators in Covid times," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    8. Monica Banzato & Francesca Coin, 2019. "Self-Efficacy in Multimodal Narrative Educational Activities: Explorative Study in a Multicultural and Multilingual Italian Primary School," Media and Communication, Cogitatio Press, vol. 7(2), pages 148-159.
    9. INUWA Mohammed M. & CLETUS Edoh (Ph.D) & USMAN Musa, 2023. "Relationship Between Covid-19 School Reopening Managerial Strategies of Hand Sanitization, Temperature Checking and Effective Administration of Post Basic Schools in Adamawa State," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(12), pages 584-596, December.
    10. Yu Zhao & María Cruz Sánchez Gómez & Ana María Pinto Llorente & Liping Zhao, 2021. "Digital Competence in Higher Education: Students’ Perception and Personal Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, November.
    11. Francisco-Ignacio Revuelta-Domínguez & Jorge Guerra-Antequera & Alicia González-Pérez & María-Inmaculada Pedrera-Rodríguez & Alberto González-Fernández, 2022. "Digital Teaching Competence: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, May.
    12. Lorena Martín-Párraga & Carmen Llorente-Cejudo & Julio Barroso-Osuna, 2023. "Self-Perception of Digital Competence in University Lecturers: A Comparative Study between Universities in Spain and Peru According to the DigCompEdu Model," Societies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-14, June.
    13. Zofia Grodek-Szostak & Marcin Suder & Aneta Piechaczek & Luis Ochoa Siguencia, 2021. "Assessment and Comparison of Digital Competences in Education for Selected European Countries," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 1), pages 348-361.
    14. de Obesso, Maria de las Mercedes & Núñez-Canal, Margarita & Pérez-Rivero, Carlos Alberto, 2023. "How do students perceive educators' digital competence in higher education?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    15. Hyunyoung Choi & Soh-Young Chung & Jangwan Ko, 2021. "Rethinking Teacher Education Policy in ICT: Lessons from Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.
    16. Emanuela Mari & Giulia Lausi & Angelo Fraschetti & Alessandra Pizzo & Michela Baldi & Alessandro Quaglieri & Jessica Burrai & Benedetta Barchielli & Francesco Avallone & Anna Maria Giannini, 2021. "Teaching during the Pandemic: A Comparison in Psychological Wellbeing among Smart Working Professions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, April.
    17. Rebeca Bautista Ortuño & Beatriz Bonete-López & Raquel Lorente-Martínez, 2021. "Festival of Audiovisual Micro-Stories in Psychology (Microfest): An Innovative Teaching Project for Students of Audiovisual Communication and Journalism," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-19, October.
    18. Johannes Conrads & Morten Rasmussen & Niall Winters & Anne Geniet & Laurentz Langer, 2017. "Digital Education Policies in Europe and Beyond: Key Design Principles for More Effective Policies," JRC Research Reports JRC109311, Joint Research Centre.
    19. Milena Kajba & Maja Rosi & Vojko Potocan & Borut Jereb, 2022. "Conceptual Model For Quality Assessment Of Digital Competencies In Higher Education Systems – A Case Study Of The Research Process," Business Logistics in Modern Management, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics, Croatia, vol. 22, pages 51-68.
    20. Miguel Ángel García-Delgado & Sonia Rodríguez-Cano & Vanesa Delgado-Benito & María Lozano-Álvarez, 2023. "Emerging Technologies and Their Link to Digital Competence in Teaching," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-12, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3317-:d:518971. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.