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Physical Exercise Improves Heart-Rate Variability in Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Santos Villafaina

    (Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Juan Pedro Fuentes-García

    (Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Avda: Universidad S/N, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Juan Luis Leon-Llamas

    (Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Daniel Collado-Mateo

    (Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain)

Abstract

Background: Childhood obesity has negative impact on heart-rate variability (HRV) and, thereby, on the cardiovascular health of children and adolescents. Thus, physical-exercise interventions were proposed to increase HRV. The present systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of research on the effect of physical-exercise interventions on HRV in obese children and adolescents. Methods: An electronic search of the literature was performed, and 10 articles were included. PRISMA guideline methodology was employed. Results: Physical-exercise interventions predominantly involved aerobic training; however, alternative training programs, including judo or recreational soccer, were found. The duration of intervention ranged from 6 to 24 weeks, with a training frequency of between 2 and 7 times per week. The duration of sessions typically ranged from 40 to 60 min. Conclusions: Results of the included articles indicated that physical-exercise intervention increased the HRV and thereby the autonomic modulation of obese children and adolescents. This is significant, as HRV is associated with cardiovascular health. Such physical-exercise interventions are crucial to reduce weight and improve cardiovascular health in children and adolescents, thereby achieving a sustainable future.

Suggested Citation

  • Santos Villafaina & Juan Pedro Fuentes-García & Juan Luis Leon-Llamas & Daniel Collado-Mateo, 2021. "Physical Exercise Improves Heart-Rate Variability in Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:5:p:2946-:d:513140
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Francesca Latino & Domenico Tafuri & Francesco Tafuri, 2025. "Academic Self-Pressure and Physiological Responses in Adolescents: A Pilot Experimental Study on the Moderating Role of an Escape Room-Based Physical Activity Intervention on Cognitive and Academic Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(6), pages 1-26, June.

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