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Urban Wastewater Treatment in African Countries: Evidence from the Hydroaid Initiative

Author

Listed:
  • Marco Ravina

    (Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Sergio Galletta

    (Hydroaid-Water for Development Management Institute, 10122 Torino, Italy)

  • Augustin Dagbetin

    (Laboratory of Applied Hydrology (LHA), National Institute of Water (INE), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou 01 BP 526, Benin)

  • Omama Ahmed Hussein Kamaleldin

    (Water Engineering and Environment Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt)

  • Madalitso Mng’ombe

    (Department of Water and Sanitation, Mzuzu University, Mzuzu 105200, Malawi)

  • Lameck Mnyenyembe

    (Catholic Development Commission in Malawi (CADECOM), Mzuzu 105200, Malawi)

  • Alemayehu Shanko

    (HU·Department of Irrigation and Water Resources Engineering, Hawassa University, Hawassa 387-0006, Ethiopia)

  • MariaChiara Zanetti

    (Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy)

Abstract

This study is based on the evidence collected during the “Technical e-Learning Course on Wastewater Treatment”, an international training project developed in 2020 in Italy by the Hydroaid Association, in collaboration with Turin Polytechnic. This work intended to address the sustainability of urban sanitation in various African countries, which the world of international cooperation has been looking at in recent years with growing interest. A comparative analysis of the current strategies and technological solutions was conducted. Data and information reported by the project participants were elaborated and verified. Four African countries—Benin, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Malawi—were considered and two relevant case studies among those proposed by the participants were presented. Starting from this analysis, significant elements about the status and coverage of wastewater management were extracted and reported. The analysis of existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) allowed evaluating their design features and current status of operation. Considerations about the environmental, economic, social, and technical sustainability of wastewater treatment and management were finally reported. Conducting such an analysis provided support in identifying the best practices and the most recurrent problems linked to the various African contexts, which need to be considered for a complete definition of the planning strategy for accessible, efficient, and sustainable sanitation infrastructures.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Ravina & Sergio Galletta & Augustin Dagbetin & Omama Ahmed Hussein Kamaleldin & Madalitso Mng’ombe & Lameck Mnyenyembe & Alemayehu Shanko & MariaChiara Zanetti, 2021. "Urban Wastewater Treatment in African Countries: Evidence from the Hydroaid Initiative," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12828-:d:683497
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Piotr F. Borowski, 2021. "Significance and Directions of Energy Development in African Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-19, July.
    2. S. H. A. Koop & C. J. Leeuwen, 2017. "The challenges of water, waste and climate change in cities," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 385-418, April.
    3. Weldesilassie, Alebel B. & Boelee, Eline & Drechsel, Pay & Dabbert, Stephan, 2011. "Wastewater use in crop production in peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa: impacts on health in farm households," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 16(1), pages 25-49, February.
    4. World Commission on Environment and Development,, 1987. "Our Common Future," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780192820808.
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