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The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Da-Jung Ha

    (Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Dongeui University, 52-57 Yangjeong-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47227, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to the work (co-first authors).)

  • Jung-Hyun Park

    (Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Dongeui University, 52-57 Yangjeong-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47227, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to the work (co-first authors).)

  • Su-Eun Jung

    (Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Dongeui University, 52-57 Yangjeong-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47227, Korea)

  • Boram Lee

    (KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea)

  • Myo-Sung Kim

    (Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Dongeui University, Healthcare Sciences & Human Ecology, 176 Eomgwang-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47340, Korea)

  • Kyo-Lin Sim

    (Department of Music, Pyeongtaek University Graduate School, 3825 Seodong-daero, Pyeongtaek-si 17869, Korea)

  • Yung-Hyun Choi

    (Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, 52-57 Yangjeong-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47227, Korea)

  • Chan-Young Kwon

    (Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, 52-57 Yangjeong-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47227, Korea)

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the status of emotional labor and its related factors among nurses in general hospital settings in Korea. A total of seven electronic databases were comprehensively searched to find relevant cross-sectional studies published up to 28 January 2021. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata version 13.1. In total, 131 studies were included. The population showed a standardized mean difference of 3.38 (95% confidence interval, 3.34 to 3.42) in emotional labor assessed by a 1–5 Likert scale. The level of emotional labor had significant negative correlations with job satisfaction, social support, organizational engagement, coworker support, resilience, and nurses’ work environment, while it had significant positive correlations with emotional labor and burnout, turnover intention, and job stress. Although the methodological quality of the included studies was generally good, 24 of the included studies (18.32%) were evaluated as lacking generalization potential or otherwise as unclear. In conclusion, nurses in general hospital settings in Korea experience mild-to-moderate levels of emotional labor. There is some evidence that the emotional labor of nurses and its detrimental effects can be buffered at both the individual and hospital levels, and future research should focus on developing targeted interventions and evaluating their effectiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Da-Jung Ha & Jung-Hyun Park & Su-Eun Jung & Boram Lee & Myo-Sung Kim & Kyo-Lin Sim & Yung-Hyun Choi & Chan-Young Kwon, 2021. "The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:21:p:11634-:d:662000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ahmet Yavuz Çamlı & Türker B. Palamutçuoğlu & Nicoleta Bărbuță-Mișu & Selin Çavuşoğlu & Florina Oana Virlanuta & Yaşar Alkan & Sofia David & Ludmila Daniela Manea, 2022. "The Moderator Effect of Communicative Rational Action in the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-25, June.
    2. Dominika Gniewek & Weronika Wawro & Michał Czapla & Dorota Milecka & Krystyna Kowalczuk & Izabella Uchmanowicz, 2023. "Occupational Burnout among Nursing Professionals: A Comparative Analysis of 1103 Polish Female Nurses across Different Hospital Settings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-10, May.
    3. Marta Llorca-Pellicer & Pedro Gil-LaOrden & Vicente J. Prado-Gascó & Pedro R. Gil-Monte, 2023. "Brief Version of the Frankfurt Emotional Work Scale and Gender Difference in Emotional Labour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-11, February.

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