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In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens : Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content

Author

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  • Chung Yiin Wong

    (Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Naeim Mohd Aris

    (Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Hanita Daud

    (Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Man Kee Lam

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Ching Seong Yong

    (EnviProtein Sdn Bhd, 1327, Jalan Padang Benggali, Butterworth 13050, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Hadura Abu Hasan

    (School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia)

  • Siewhui Chong

    (Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia)

  • Pau Loke Show

    (Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia)

  • Oetami Dwi Hajoeningtijas

    (Department of Agroecology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Raya Dukuhwaluh Street PO BOX 202, Purwokerto 53182, Central of Java, Indonesia)

  • Yeek Chia Ho

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Urban and Resources, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Pei Sean Goh

    (Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia)

  • Husnul Kausarian

    (Department of Geological Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru 62761674834, Riau 28284, Indonesia)

  • Guan-Ting Pan

    (Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

  • Jun Wei Lim

    (Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to spur the lipid accumulation by larvae of Hermetia illucens or black soldier fly (BSFL) via feeding with yeast fermented medium. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae , a single cell yeast, was introduced at different concentrations (0.02, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 wt %) to execute an in-situ fermentation on coconut endosperm waste. The rearing of BSFL was started simultaneously and the rearing was stopped once the BSFL reached the fifth instar. With the increasing of yeast concentration, the rearing duration of BSFL was shortened from 15.5 to 13.5 days. Moreover, it was found that at 0.5 to 1.0 wt % yeast concentration, the lipid yield and lipid productivity of BSFL were statistically enhanced to their highest peaks, namely, at 49.4% and 0.53 g/day, respectively. With regard to biodiesel composition, BSFL-derived biodiesel contained mainly C12:0, C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1. The higher amount of saturated fatty acids could strengthen the oxidative stability biodiesel produced as compared with non-edible oils or microalgal lipid. At last, the addition of yeast was also found to improve the waste reduction index of coconut endosperm waste (CEW) from 0.31 to 0.40 g/day, heralding the capability of BSFL to valorize organic waste via bioconversion into its biomass to serve as a feedstock for biodiesel production.

Suggested Citation

  • Chung Yiin Wong & Muhammad Naeim Mohd Aris & Hanita Daud & Man Kee Lam & Ching Seong Yong & Hadura Abu Hasan & Siewhui Chong & Pau Loke Show & Oetami Dwi Hajoeningtijas & Yeek Chia Ho & Pei Sean Goh &, 2020. "In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens : Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-10, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:1558-:d:322640
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zheng, Longyu & Li, Qing & Zhang, Jibin & Yu, Ziniu, 2012. "Double the biodiesel yield: Rearing black soldier fly larvae, Hermetia illucens, on solid residual fraction of restaurant waste after grease extraction for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 75-79.
    2. Mohd-Noor, Siti-Nuraini & Wong, Chung-Yiin & Lim, Jun-Wei & Mah-Hussin, Mah-Iazam-Azuri & Uemura, Yoshimitsu & Lam, Man-Kee & Ramli, Anita & Bashir, Mohammed J.K. & Tham, Leony, 2017. "Optimization of self-fermented period of waste coconut endosperm destined to feed black soldier fly larvae in enhancing the lipid and protein yields," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 646-654.
    3. Chung-Yiin Wong & Siti-Suhailah Rosli & Yoshimitsu Uemura & Yeek Chia Ho & Arunsri Leejeerajumnean & Worapon Kiatkittipong & Chin-Kui Cheng & Man-Kee Lam & Jun-Wei Lim, 2019. "Potential Protein and Biodiesel Sources from Black Soldier Fly Larvae: Insights of Larval Harvesting Instar and Fermented Feeding Medium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-15, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liew, Chin Seng & Mong, Guo Ren & Lim, Jun Wei & Raksasat, Ratchaprapa & Rawindran, Hemamalini & Hassan, Muzamil A. & Lam, Man Kee & Khoo, Kuan Shiong & Zango, Zakariyya Uba, 2023. "Low-temperature thermal pre-treated sewage sludge for feeding of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Protein, lipid and biodiesel profile and characterization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    2. Antonio Franco & Carmen Scieuzo & Rosanna Salvia & Anna Maria Petrone & Elena Tafi & Antonio Moretta & Eric Schmitt & Patrizia Falabella, 2021. "Lipids from Hermetia illucens , an Innovative and Sustainable Source," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-23, September.
    3. Jung, Sungyup & Jung, Jong-Min & Tsang, Yiu Fai & Bhatnagar, Amit & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lin, Kun-Yi Andrew & Kwon, Eilhann E., 2022. "Biodiesel production from black soldier fly larvae derived from food waste by non-catalytic transesterification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).

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