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Contribution and Driving Mechanism of N 2 O Emission Bursts in a Chinese Vegetable Greenhouse after Manure Application and Irrigation

Author

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  • Wenchao Cao

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Su Liu

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Zhi Qu

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, No. 5 Jinhuananlu, Xi’an 710048, Shaanxi, China)

  • He Song

    (College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Wei Qin

    (Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen UR, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands)

  • Jingheng Guo

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Qing Chen

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Shan Lin

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Jingguo Wang

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

Abstract

Solar greenhouse vegetable fields have been found to be hotspots of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions in China, mainly due to excessive manure application and irrigation. Pulses of N 2 O emissions have been commonly reported by field monitoring works conducted in greenhouse fields, though their significance regarding total N 2 O emissions and the driving mechanism behind them remain poorly understood. N 2 O fluxes were monitored in situ using a static opaque chamber method in a typical greenhouse vegetable field. Then, laboratory incubations were conducted under different soil moisture and manure application gradients to monitor nitrous oxide emissions and related soil properties, using a robotized incubation system. Field monitoring showed that the occurrence of clear N 2 O emission bursts closely followed fertilization and irrigation events, accounting for 76.7% of the annual N 2 O efflux. The soil N 2 O flux increased exponentially with the water-filled pore space (WFPS), causing extremely high N 2 O emissions when the WFPS was higher than 60%. During the lab incubation, emission bursts led to N 2 O peaks within 40 h, synchronously changing with the transit soil NO 2 − . An integrated analysis of the variations in the gas emission and soil properties indicated that the denitrification of transit NO 2 − accumulation was the major explanation for N 2 O emission bursts in the greenhouse filed. Nitrous oxide emission bursts constituted the major portion of the N 2 O emissions in the Chinese greenhouse soils. Nitrite (NO 2 − ) denitrification triggered by fertilization and irrigation was responsible for these N 2 O emission pulses. Our results clarified the significance and biogeochemical mechanisms of N 2 O burst emissions; this knowledge could help us to devise and enact sounder N 2 O mitigation measures, which would be conducive to sustainable development in vegetable greenhouse fields.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenchao Cao & Su Liu & Zhi Qu & He Song & Wei Qin & Jingheng Guo & Qing Chen & Shan Lin & Jingguo Wang, 2019. "Contribution and Driving Mechanism of N 2 O Emission Bursts in a Chinese Vegetable Greenhouse after Manure Application and Irrigation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:6:p:1624-:d:214781
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dave S. Reay & Eric A. Davidson & Keith A. Smith & Pete Smith & Jerry M. Melillo & Frank Dentener & Paul J. Crutzen, 2012. "Global agriculture and nitrous oxide emissions," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(6), pages 410-416, June.
    2. Ye, X.H. & Han, B. & Li, W. & Zhang, X.C. & Zhang, Y.L. & Lin, X.G. & Zou, H.T., 2018. "Effects of different irrigation methods on nitrous oxide emissions and ammonia oxidizers microorganisms in greenhouse tomato fields," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 115-123.
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