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Improved Drought Resilience Through Continuous Water Service Monitoring and Specialized Institutions—A Longitudinal Analysis of Water Service Delivery Across Motorized Boreholes in Northern Kenya

Author

Listed:
  • Nick Turman-Bryant

    (Department of Systems Science, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA)

  • Corey Nagel

    (College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA)

  • Lauren Stover

    (Sweet Sense, Inc., Nairobi 00603, Kenya)

  • Christian Muragijimana

    (Sweet Sense, Inc., Nairobi 00603, Kenya)

  • Evan A. Thomas

    (Mortenson Center in Global Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA)

Abstract

Increasing frequency and severity of drought is driving increased use of groundwater resources in arid regions of Northern Kenya, where approximately 2.5 million people depend on groundwater for personal use, livestock, and limited irrigation. As part of a broader effort to provide more sustainable water, sanitation, and hygiene services in the region, we have collected data related to site functionality and use for approximately 120 motorized boreholes across five counties. Using a multilevel model to account for geospatial and temporal clustering, we found that borehole sites, which counties had identified as strategic assets during drought, ran on average about 1.31 h less per day compared to non-strategic borehole sites. As this finding was contrary to our hypothesis that strategic boreholes would exhibit greater use on average compared to non-strategic boreholes, we consider possible explanations for this discrepancy. We also use a coupled human and natural systems framework to explore how policies and program activities in a complex system depend on consistent and reliable feedback mechanisms. Funding was provided by the United States Agency for International Development. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

Suggested Citation

  • Nick Turman-Bryant & Corey Nagel & Lauren Stover & Christian Muragijimana & Evan A. Thomas, 2019. "Improved Drought Resilience Through Continuous Water Service Monitoring and Specialized Institutions—A Longitudinal Analysis of Water Service Delivery Across Motorized Boreholes in Northern Kenya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:3046-:d:235474
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evan A. Thomas & Zdenek Zumr & Jodi Graf & Carson A. Wick & James H. McCellan & Zachary Imam & Christina Barstow & Kelly Spiller & Michael Fleming, 2013. "Remotely Accessible Instrumented Monitoring of Global Development Programs: Technology Development and Validation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Daniel L Wilson & Jeremy R Coyle & Evan A Thomas, 2017. "Ensemble machine learning and forecasting can achieve 99% uptime for rural handpumps," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Masera, Omar R. & Saatkamp, Barbara D. & Kammen, Daniel M., 2000. "From Linear Fuel Switching to Multiple Cooking Strategies: A Critique and Alternative to the Energy Ladder Model," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(12), pages 2083-2103, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Taylor Sharpe & Christian Muragijimana & Evan Thomas, 2019. "Product Design Supporting Improved Water, Sanitation, and Energy Services Delivery in Low-Income Settings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Anish Paul Antony & Kendra Leith & Craig Jolley & Jennifer Lu & Daniel J. Sweeney, 2020. "A Review of Practice and Implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) for Smallholder Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Laura McKinney & Devin C. Wright, 2021. "Climate Change and Water Dynamics in Rural Uganda," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-12, July.
    4. Libey, Anna & Adank, Marieke & Thomas, Evan, 2020. "Who pays for water? Comparing life cycle costs of water services among several low, medium and high-income utilities," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).

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