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Evaluating Hydrological Models for Deriving Water Resources in Peninsular Spain

Author

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  • Julio Pérez-Sánchez

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain)

  • Javier Senent-Aparicio

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain)

  • Francisco Segura-Méndez

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain)

  • David Pulido-Velazquez

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain)

  • Raghavan Srinivasan

    (Spatial Science Laboratory, Ecosystem Science and Management Department, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

Abstract

Water availability is essential for the appropriate analysis of its sustainable management. We performed a comparative study of six hydrological balance models (Témez, ABCD, GR2M, AWBM, GUO-5p, and Thornthwaite-Mather) in several basins with different climatic conditions within Spain in the 1977–2010 period. We applied six statistical indices to compare the results of the models: the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE), coefficient of determination (R 2 ), percent bias (PBIAS), and the relative error between observed and simulated run-off volumes (REV). Furthermore, we applied the FITEVAL software to determine the uncertainty of the model. The results show that when the catchments are more humid the obtained results are better. The GR2M model gave the best fit in peninsular Spain in a UNEP aridity index framework above 1, and NSE values above 0.75 in a 95% confidence interval classify GR2M as very good for humid watersheds. The use of REV is also a key index in the assessment of the margin of error. Flow duration curves show good performance in the probabilities of exceedance lower than 80% in wet watersheds and deviations in low streamflows account for less than 5% of the total streamflow.

Suggested Citation

  • Julio Pérez-Sánchez & Javier Senent-Aparicio & Francisco Segura-Méndez & David Pulido-Velazquez & Raghavan Srinivasan, 2019. "Evaluating Hydrological Models for Deriving Water Resources in Peninsular Spain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-36, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:10:p:2872-:d:232850
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maikel Mendez & Luis-Alexander Calvo-Valverde & Pablo Imbach & Ben Maathuis & David Hein-Grigg & Jorge-Andrés Hidalgo-Madriz & Luis-Fernando Alvarado-Gamboa, 2022. "Hydrological Response of Tropical Catchments to Climate Change as Modeled by the GR2M Model: A Case Study in Costa Rica," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-31, December.
    2. Ravindra Kumar Verma & Sangeeta Verma & Surendra Kumar Mishra & Ashish Pandey, 2021. "SCS-CN-Based Improved Models for Direct Surface Runoff Estimation from Large Rainfall Events," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(7), pages 2149-2175, May.
    3. Chengyan Tang & Jing Li & Zixiang Zhou & Li Zeng & Cheng Zhang & Hui Ran, 2019. "How to Optimize Ecosystem Services Based on a Bayesian Model: A Case Study of Jinghe River Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Mayara Maria Arruda Gomes & Lívia Fragoso Melo Verçosa & José Almir Cirilo, 2021. "Hydrologic models coupled with 2D hydrodynamic model for high-resolution urban flood simulation," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 108(3), pages 3121-3157, September.

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