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The Influence of Cross-Cultural Awareness and Tourist Experience on Authenticity, Tourist Satisfaction and Acculturation in World Cultural Heritage Sites of Korea

Author

Listed:
  • Hao Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China)

  • Taeyoung Cho

    (Department of Airline Service Science, Joongbu University, 201 Daehak-ro, Chubu-myeon, Geumsan-gun, Chungnam 312-702, Korea)

  • Huanjiong Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China)

  • Quansheng Ge

    (Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the relationship among the following factors: cross-cultural awareness, tourist experience, authenticity, tourist satisfaction, and acculturation. It also sought to determine what role that tourist activities play in acculturation. Furthermore, this study looked to provide a feasibility plan for the effective management, protection, and sustainable development of World Cultural Heritage Sites. We chose Chinese in Korea (immigrants, workers, and international students) who visited the historic villages of Korea (Hahoe and Yangdong) as the research object, and used 430 questionnaires for analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model were used to verify proposed hypotheses. The results showed that (1) Chinese in Korea, who have higher cultural awareness, had more interests in objective authenticity (e.g., historical traditions, cultural heritage, and architecture) of world heritage sites; (2) Chinese in Korea could feel and appreciate the true value of traditional culture through tourist experience; (3) The objective authenticity and existential authenticity have a positive effect on tourist satisfaction; and, (4) Higher tourist satisfaction could effectively promote cultural integration and assimilation, and prevent cultural separation and marginalization.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Zhang & Taeyoung Cho & Huanjiong Wang & Quansheng Ge, 2018. "The Influence of Cross-Cultural Awareness and Tourist Experience on Authenticity, Tourist Satisfaction and Acculturation in World Cultural Heritage Sites of Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:927-:d:137640
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Buonincontri, P. & Morvillo, A. & Okumus, F. & van Niekerk, M., 2017. "Managing the experience co-creation process in tourism destinations: Empirical findings from Naples," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 264-277.
    2. Piera Buonincontri & Roberto Micera, 2016. "The experience co-creation in smart tourism destinations: a multiple case analysis of European destinations," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 285-315, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marioara Pascu & Ileana Pătru-Stupariu, 2021. "The Assessment of the Authenticity and Conservation Status of Cultural Landscapes in Southern Transylvania (Romania)," Geographies, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-19, February.
    2. Shefang Wang & Chaoru Lu & Chenhui Liu & Yue Zhou & Jun Bi & Xiaomei Zhao, 2020. "Understanding the Energy Consumption of Battery Electric Buses in Urban Public Transport Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-12, November.
    3. Wenwen Shang & Qing Yuan & Nan Chen, 2020. "Examining Structural Relationships among Brand Experience, Existential Authenticity, and Place Attachment in Slow Tourism Destinations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-23, April.
    4. Hwasung Song & Hyun Kim, 2018. "Value-Based Profiles of Visitors to a World Heritage Site: The Case of Suwon Hwaseong Fortress (in South Korea)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, December.
    5. Kichan Nam & Christopher S. Dutt & Jeff Baker, 2023. "Authenticity in Objects and Activities: Determinants of Satisfaction with Virtual Reality Experiences of Heritage and Non-Heritage Tourism Sites," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 1219-1237, June.
    6. Gaydaa Al-Zohbi & Maura A. E. Pilotti, 2023. "Contradictions about Sustainability: A Case Study of College Students from Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    7. Pantas H. Silaban & Andri D.K. Silalahi & Edgar Octoyuda & Donita Panjaitan, 2020. "The Role of Authenticity and Satisfaction on Tourists' Revisit Intention at Air Soda Destination," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(4), pages 365-376.
    8. Nan Chen & Yahui Wang & Jiaqi Li & Yuqian Wei & Qing Yuan, 2020. "Examining Structural Relationships among Night Tourism Experience, Lovemarks, Brand Satisfaction, and Brand Loyalty on “Cultural Heritage Night” in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-23, August.
    9. Stefania Skowron-Markowska & Marta Nowakowska, 2021. "Chinese Destinations Related to Martial Arts Tourism from the UNESCO Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-20, July.
    10. Siyu Chen & Bin Meng & Na Liu & Zhenyu Qi & Jian Liu & Juan Wang, 2022. "Cultural Perception of the Historical and Cultural Blocks of Beijing Based on Weibo Photos," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-20, March.
    11. Jinsoo Hwang & Muhammad Asif & Kwang-Woo Lee, 2020. "Relationships among Country Image, Tour Motivations, Tour Quality, Tour Satisfaction, and Attitudinal Loyalty: The Case of Chinese Travelers to Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-19, April.
    12. Taeyoung Cho & Taesoo Cho & Hao Zhang, 2021. "The Effect of the Acculturation of Chinese Immigrants on Tourist Satisfaction and Quality of Life," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    13. Yang Zhao & Junhan Liu & Yali Zheng, 2022. "Preservation and Renewal: A Study on Visual Evaluation of Urban Historical and Cultural Street Landscape in Quanzhou," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-32, July.
    14. Hao Zhang & Taeyoung Cho & Huanjiong Wang, 2019. "The Impact of a Terminal High Altitude Area Defense Incident on Tourism Risk Perception and Attitude Change of Chinese Tourists Traveling to South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.

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