IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v10y2018i11p3853-d177906.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal Thickness of Soil Cover for Reclaiming Subsided Land with Yellow River Sediments

Author

Listed:
  • Zhenqi Hu

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China)

  • Linghua Duo

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China)

  • Fang Shao

    (School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

Abstract

The cultivated land area per capita in China is relatively small compared to the world average. However, most of the coal output is coming from underground mining, resulting in land subsidence and the destruction of existing cultivated land. The Yellow River is known as a ground-suspended river due to its large sediment concentration. Using unpolluted Yellow River sediment to reclaim the coal mine subsidence not only solves the problem of sediment deposition, but also solves the problem of shortage of filling material. Some experimental studies revealed low soil productivity as a result of thin soil cover. To ensure crop growth and production in land reconstructed with Yellow River sediments, determining the optimal thickness of soil cover over the sediment is extremely important. There were four experimental treatments and one control treatment. Each treatment was repeated three times. The control treatment was an original soil profile with 30 cm topsoil plus 110 cm subsoil. The four experimental treatments with different thickness of soil covers had the same thickness of topsoil (30 cm) and Yellow River sediments (60 cm), and different thickness of subsoil, which were 10, 30, 40, and 50 cm, respectively. Thus, the total thicknesses of soil cover (topsoil plus subsoil) were 40 cm, 60 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm, respectively. The topsoil, subsoil, and Yellow River sediments were collected from Liangshan County. The soil type is fluvo-aquic. Maize ( Zea mays L.) is the main crop in Liangshan County. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the growth of maize. The results showed that (1) the peroxidase (POD) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of maize leaf decreased with an increasing thickness of soil, while soluble protein (SP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) increased. (2) The dry biomasses of the shoot and root system in T70 and T80 were not significantly different from those in the control (3) Increased soil thickness is conducive to the storage of more water and available nutrients. Considering the time and cost of reconstruction, 70 cm is the optimal thickness of soil cover on Yellow River sediment to ensure maize growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhenqi Hu & Linghua Duo & Fang Shao, 2018. "Optimal Thickness of Soil Cover for Reclaiming Subsided Land with Yellow River Sediments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:11:p:3853-:d:177906
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/11/3853/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/11/3853/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei Song & Xiangzheng Deng, 2015. "Effects of Urbanization-Induced Cultivated Land Loss on Ecosystem Services in the North China Plain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-16, June.
    2. Hu, Tiantian & Yuan, Lina & Wang, Jinfeng & Kang, Shaozhong & Li, Fusheng, 2010. "Antioxidation responses of maize roots and leaves to partial root-zone irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(1), pages 164-171, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Xiaojun Zhu & Feng Zha & Hua Cheng & Liugen Zheng & Hui Liu & Wenshan Huang & Yu Yan & Liangjun Dai & Shenzhu Fang & Xiaoyu Yang, 2022. "Spatial Pattern Reconstruction of Water and Land Resources in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas within Urban Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
    2. Meijia Xiao & Qingwen Zhang & Liqin Qu & Hafiz Athar Hussain & Yuequn Dong & Li Zheng, 2019. "Spatiotemporal Changes and the Driving Forces of Sloping Farmland Areas in the Sichuan Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Ya Shao & Qinxue Xu & Xi Wei, 2023. "Progress of Mine Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration Research Based on Bibliometric Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Jiaxin Guo & Jian Lin & Zhenqi Hu & Pengfei An & Junfeng Yin & Yifan Du & Peian Wang, 2025. "Research on the Construction of Applicable Models for Temporary Land Use in Open-Pit Coal Mining and Implementation Models for Land Reclamation in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Jiaxin Guo & Zhenqi Hu & Yusheng Liang, 2022. "Causes and Countermeasures for the Failure of Mining Land Use Policy Reform: Practice Analysis from China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-19, August.
    6. Mihai Buta & Gheorghe Blaga & Laura Paulette & Ioan Păcurar & Sanda Roșca & Orsolya Borsai & Florina Grecu & Pauliuc Ecaterina Sînziana & Cornel Negrușier, 2019. "Soil Reclamation of Abandoned Mine Lands by Revegetation in Northwestern Part of Transylvania: A 40-Year Retrospective Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, June.
    7. Linghua Duo & Zhenqi Hu, 2018. "Soil Quality Change after Reclaiming Subsidence Land with Yellow River Sediments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-13, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kaiping Wang & Weiqi Wang & Niyi Zha & Yue Feng & Chenlan Qiu & Yunlu Zhang & Jia Ma & Rui Zhang, 2022. "Spatially Heterogeneity Response of Critical Ecosystem Service Capacity to Address Regional Development Risks to Rapid Urbanization: The Case of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Niaz Ali Khan & Muhammad Humayun & Muhammad Usman & Zahid Ali Ghazi & Abdul Naeem & Abbas Khan & Asim Laeeq Khan & Asif Ali Tahir & Habib Ullah, 2021. "Structural Characteristics and Environmental Applications of Covalent Organic Frameworks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Kai Li & Zhili Ma & Jinjin Liu, 2019. "A New Trend in the Space–Time Distribution of Cultivated Land Occupation for Construction in China and the Impact of Population Urbanization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-23, September.
    4. Zhang, Da & Huang, Qingxu & He, Chunyang & Wu, Jianguo, 2017. "Impacts of urban expansion on ecosystem services in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, China: A scenario analysis based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 115-130.
    5. Huirong Yu, 2022. "A multi-scale approach to mapping conservation priorities for rural China based on landscape context," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(9), pages 10803-10828, September.
    6. Xin Gao & Juqin Shen & Weijun He & Fuhua Sun & Zhaofang Zhang & Xin Zhang & Chengcai Zhang & Yang Kong & Min An & Liang Yuan & Xiaocang Xu, 2019. "Changes in Ecosystem Services Value and Establishment of Watershed Ecological Compensation Standards," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-30, August.
    7. Zhipeng Zhu & Weicong Fu & Qunyue Liu, 2021. "Correlation between urbanization and ecosystem services in Xiamen, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 101-121, January.
    8. Hong, Jingke & Gu, Jianping & Liang, Xin & Liu, Guiwen & Shen, Geoffrey Qiping & Tang, Miaohan, 2019. "Spatiotemporal investigation of energy network patterns of agglomeration economies in China: Province-level evidence," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    9. Hua Li & Dan Su & Yu Cao & Jiayi Wang & Yu Cao, 2022. "Optimizing the Compensation Standard of Cultivated Land Protection Based on Ecosystem Services in the Hangzhou Bay Area, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-18, February.
    10. Haifen Lei & Jennifer Koch & Hui Shi, 2020. "An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Urbanization Patterns in Northwest China," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-17, October.
    11. Zhan, Jinyan & Chu, Xi & Li, Zhihui & Jia, Siqi & Wang, Guofeng, 2019. "Incorporating ecosystem services into agricultural management based on land use/cover change in Northeastern China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 401-411.
    12. Wei Qi & Ying Gao & Qian Zhang, 2017. "Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Beijing’s Urbanization Efficiency from 2005 to 2014," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-17, November.
    13. Yingbo Qin & Wenping Wang, 2022. "Research on Ecological Compensation Mechanism for Energy Economy Sustainable Based on Evolutionary Game Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-14, April.
    14. Yuan-Bin Cai & Hui-Min Li & Xin-Yue Ye & Hao Zhang, 2016. "Analyzing Three-Decadal Patterns of Land Use/Land Cover Change and Regional Ecosystem Services at the Landscape Level: Case Study of Two Coastal Metropolitan Regions, Eastern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-21, August.
    15. Xiaofu Lin & Hui Fu, 2022. "Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Cultivated Land Based on the PLUS Model: A Case Study of Haikou City, 1980–2020," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, November.
    16. Zhang, Yecheng & Li, Xinzhu & Jia, Liang & Ji, Lei & Wang, Chengqiang & Xu, Wenhua & Wang, Shuhong & Zhou, Yonggang & Han, Huifang & Han, Kun & Liu, Peng, 2024. "Partial root zone irrigation and K application improves summer maize production and salt resistance in saline soil," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    17. Xiaowei Yao & Zhanqi Wang & Hongwei Zhang, 2016. "Dynamic Changes of the Ecological Footprint and Its Component Analysis Response to Land Use in Wuhan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-14, April.
    18. Tong Zhang & Sophia Shuang Chen & Guangyu Li, 2020. "Exploring the relationships between urban form metrics and the vegetation biomass loss under urban expansion in China," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 47(3), pages 363-380, March.
    19. Hengyu Pan & Yong Geng & Ji Han & Cheng Huang & Wenyi Han & Zhuang Miao, 2020. "Emergy Based Decoupling Analysis of Ecosystem Services on Urbanization: A Case of Shanghai, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-25, November.
    20. Bao Meng & Xuxi Wang & Zhifeng Zhang & Pei Huang, 2022. "Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Driving Force Evolution of Cultivated Land Occupied by Urban Expansion in the Chengdu Metropolitan Area," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:11:p:3853-:d:177906. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.