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Hybrid Deep Learning Applied on Saudi Smart Grids for Short-Term Load Forecasting

Author

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  • Abdullah Alrasheedi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Engineering College, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdulaziz Almalaq

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Engineering College, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Despite advancements in smart grid (SG) technology, effective load forecasting utilizing big data or large-scale datasets remains a complex task for energy management, planning, and control. The Saudi SGs, in alignment with the Saudi Vision 2030, have been envisioned as future electrical grids with a bidirectional flow of power and data. To that end, data analysis and predictive models can enhance Saudi SG planning and control via artificial intelligence (AI). Recently, many AI methods including deep learning (DL) algorithms for SG applications have been published in the literature and have shown superior time series predictions compared with conventional prediction models. Current load-prediction research for the Saudi grid focuses on identifying anticipated loads and consumptions, on utilizing limited historical data and the behavior of the load’s consumption, and on conducting shallow forecasting models. However, little scientific proof on complex DL models or real-life application has been conducted by researchers; few articles have studied sophisticated large-scale prediction models for Saudi grids. This paper proposes hybrid DL methods to enhance the outcomes in Saudi SG load forecasting, to improve problem-relevant features, and to accurately predict complicated power consumption, with the goal of developing reliable forecasting models and of obtaining knowledge of the relationships between the various features and attributes in the Saudi SGs. The model in this paper utilizes a real dataset from the Jeddah and Medinah grids in Saudi Arabia for a full year, 2021, with a one-hour time resolution. A benchmark strategy using different conventional DL methods including artificial neural network, recurrent neural network (RNN), conventional neural networks (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and different real datasets is used to verify the proposed models. The prediction results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid DL models, with CNN–GRU and CNN–RNN with NRMSE obtaining 1.4673% and 1.222% improvements, respectively, in load forecasting accuracy.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdullah Alrasheedi & Abdulaziz Almalaq, 2022. "Hybrid Deep Learning Applied on Saudi Smart Grids for Short-Term Load Forecasting," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(15), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:15:p:2666-:d:874628
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Athanasios Ioannis Arvanitidis & Dimitrios Bargiotas & Aspassia Daskalopulu & Vasileios M. Laitsos & Lefteri H. Tsoukalas, 2021. "Enhanced Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Artificial Neural Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-14, November.
    2. Salah Bouktif & Ali Fiaz & Ali Ouni & Mohamed Adel Serhani, 2018. "Optimal Deep Learning LSTM Model for Electric Load Forecasting using Feature Selection and Genetic Algorithm: Comparison with Machine Learning Approaches †," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, June.
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    5. Qi Jiang & Yuxin Cheng & Haozhe Le & Chunquan Li & Peter X. Liu, 2022. "A Stacking Learning Model Based on Multiple Similar Days for Short-Term Load Forecasting," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(14), pages 1-20, July.
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    1. Mazhar Ali & Ankit Kumar Singh & Ajit Kumar & Syed Saqib Ali & Bong Jun Choi, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of Data-Driven Algorithms for Building Energy Planning via Federated Learning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Roman V. Klyuev & Irbek D. Morgoev & Angelika D. Morgoeva & Oksana A. Gavrina & Nikita V. Martyushev & Egor A. Efremenkov & Qi Mengxu, 2022. "Methods of Forecasting Electric Energy Consumption: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-33, November.

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