IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v13y2024i12p2085-d1535935.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessing and Optimizing the Connectivity of the Outdoor Green Recreation Network in Zhengzhou from the Perspective of Green Travel

Author

Listed:
  • Jingjing Yan

    (College of Resources and Environmental, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China)

  • Siyu Fan

    (College of Resources and Environmental, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China)

  • Guohang Tian

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Tao Mu

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • He Liu

    (Zhengzhou Urban Planning Design & Survey Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Yali Zhang

    (College of Resources and Environmental, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China)

  • Bo Mu

    (College of Resources and Environmental, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China)

Abstract

With the increasing demand for outdoor recreation and fitness, this study aims to assess the connectivity of the outdoor green recreation (OGR) network from the perspective of green travel and propose optimization framework. The Point of Interest (POI) and Area of Interest (AOI) datasets of OGR spots in Zhengzhou were utilized as the primary research materials. A combination of GIS spatial analysis and Graph index calculation is employed to quantify and diagnose the connectivity of the OGR network based on multi-source data (land cover, topography, and road network). The index system for cost surface establishment was improved and proposed, shifting its focus from previous biological migration and ecological network to human green travel and improving the connectivity of the OGR network. The technical optimization process of the OGR network is explored and presented. The results show that: (1) The scale, number, and distribution of OGR spots and the connectivity of the OGR network are significantly different in urban and rural areas. Numerous small-scale OGR spots and short-distance recreational paths are distributed in urban areas, while a limited number of large-scale OGR spots and long-distance recreational paths are situated in rural areas with better natural resources. (2) Compared with driving travel, the connectivity of the OGR network is poor when walking and cycling. Graph indexes of Dg, BC, and dPC can be used to reflect the connection capability, bridging role, and contribution of each spot to overall network connectivity. (3) The current OGR network is optimized through 30 new spots based on the perspective of green travel and land suitability analysis. The network connectivity will improve by 4%, and the number of recreational paths suitable for green travel increased by 41. (4) The methodologies for quantifying and optimizing OGR network connectivity from the perspective of green travel will offer valuable references for future research in this field.

Suggested Citation

  • Jingjing Yan & Siyu Fan & Guohang Tian & Tao Mu & He Liu & Yali Zhang & Bo Mu, 2024. "Assessing and Optimizing the Connectivity of the Outdoor Green Recreation Network in Zhengzhou from the Perspective of Green Travel," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:12:p:2085-:d:1535935
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2085/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2085/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Diao, Mi, 2019. "Towards sustainable urban transport in Singapore: Policy instruments and mobility trends," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 320-330.
    2. Lu, Yanchi & Huang, Dan & Liu, Yaolin & Zhang, Yan & Jing, Ying & Chen, Huiting & Zhang, Ziyi & Liu, Yanfang, 2024. "Exploring the optimization and management methods of ecological networks based on the cluster mode: A case study of Wuhan Metropolis, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Wang, Mengmeng & Zhou, Tao, 2023. "Does smart city implementation improve the subjective quality of life? Evidence from China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    4. Barbara Eigenschenk & Andreas Thomann & Mike McClure & Larissa Davies & Maxine Gregory & Ulrich Dettweiler & Eduard Inglés, 2019. "Benefits of Outdoor Sports for Society. A Systematic Literature Review and Reflections on Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-21, March.
    5. Kukulska-Kozieł, Anita & Noszczyk, Tomasz & Gorzelany, Julia & Młocek, Wojciech, 2024. "Greenery in times of crisis: Accessibility, residents' travel preferences and the impact of travel time," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    6. Yuan Zhou & Jing Yao & Mingkun Chen & Mi Tang, 2023. "Optimizing an Urban Green Space Ecological Network by Coupling Structural and Functional Connectivity: A Case for Biodiversity Conservation Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-25, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yan, Sen & Sun, Xinyu & Zhang, Yurong, 2024. "High-speed railway ripples on the greenness: Insight from urban green vegetation cover," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    2. Dugan, Anna & Mayer, Jakob & Thaller, Annina & Bachner, Gabriel & Steininger, Karl W., 2022. "Developing policy packages for low-carbon passenger transport: A mixed methods analysis of trade-offs and synergies," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    3. Ivana Bassi & Vanessa Deotto & Laura Pagani & Luca Iseppi, 2024. "Forest Therapy as an Alternative and Sustainable Rehabilitation Practice: A Patient Group Attitude Investigation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-14, September.
    4. David Jungwirth & Daniela Haluza, 2023. "Sports and the Pandemic: The Impact of COVID-19 on Active Living and Life Satisfaction of Climbers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, January.
    5. Míriam Rocher & Bruno Silva & Gonçalo Cruz & Renato Bentes & Josep Lloret & Eduard Inglés, 2020. "Benefits of Outdoor Sports in Blue Spaces. The Case of School Nautical Activities in Viana do Castelo," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-14, November.
    6. Piotr Próchniak & Agnieszka Próchniak, 2023. "Adventure Recreation in Blue Spaces and the Wellbeing of Young Polish Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-16, March.
    7. Khan, Muhammad Salar & Jamil, Kamil & Malik, Ammar A., 2022. "Delivering Urban Mass Transit—The Case of Lahore, Pakistan," SocArXiv 2zj8m, Center for Open Science.
    8. Xiao Xiao & Yunlong Zhang & Xiubin Bruce Wang & Shu Yang & Tianyi Chen, 2021. "Hierarchical Longitudinal Control for Connected and Automated Vehicles in Mixed Traffic on a Signalized Arterial," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-17, August.
    9. Silm, Siiri & Tominga, Ago & Saidla, Karl & Poom, Age & Tammaru, Tiit, 2024. "Socio-economic and residential differences in urban modality styles based on a long-term smartphone experiment," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    10. Shunbin Ning & Yuan Zhou & Manlin Wang & Bei Li & Pengyao Li & Li Zhang & Yushu Luo, 2024. "Urban Heat Island Differentiation and Influencing Factors: A Local Climate Zone Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-26, October.
    11. Ana Geppert & Emma M. Smith & Malcolm MacLachlan, 2025. "Everyday Assistive Products Support Participation in Sport," Disabilities, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-16, March.
    12. Wei XIAOHUI & Nurhayati Abdul MALEK & Salina MOHAMED ALI, 2024. "The Impact Of Sustainable Development Goals On Urban Green Space: A Bibliometric Analysis Of The Literature," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 19(3), pages 31-48, August.
    13. Sergi Cerezo-Esteve & Xavier De Blas & Francesc Solanellas, 2024. "The Social Impact of Sports Habits on Sustainable Tourism Perceptions: A Case Study in Alt Urgell," Societies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-14, December.
    14. repec:osf:socarx:2zj8m_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Jinlong Hu & Tingting Huang & Zhenhong Bin & Yingxue Wang, 2024. "Spatiotemporal Changes in Ecological Network Structure and Enhancing Territorial Space Management in Guilin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-22, December.
    16. Monika Roman, 2022. "Sustainable Transport: A State-of-the-Art Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-14, November.
    17. Amanda L. Folk & Brooke E. Wagner & Samantha L. Hahn & Nicole Larson & Daheia J. Barr-Anderson & Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, 2021. "Changes to Physical Activity during a Global Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Analysis among a Diverse Population-Based Sample of Emerging Adults in the U.S," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-14, April.
    18. Zhang, Huiming & Huang, Jiying & Hu, Ruohan & Zhou, Dequn & Khan, Haroon ur Rashid & Ma, Changxian, 2020. "Echelon utilization of waste power batteries in new energy vehicles: Review of Chinese policies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    19. Yang Liu & Kun Wang & Jianda Wang, 2024. "Tragedy of pollution: Does air pollution hinder China’s progress toward achieving common prosperity?," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 57(6), pages 1-35, December.
    20. Jingxian Wang & Hui Tang & Wei Guo & Wendong Yu & Yunjian Luo, 2025. "Global Hotspots and Trends of Ecological Network Research (1991–2024): Insights from Bibliometric Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-22, May.
    21. Viacheslav Morozov & Sergei Iarkov, 2021. "Formation of the Traffic Flow Rate under the Influence of Traffic Flow Concentration in Time at Controlled Intersections in Tyumen, Russian Federation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:12:p:2085-:d:1535935. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.