IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v11y2022i11p2074-d976464.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Urban Green Space Prioritization to Mitigate Air Pollution and the Urban Heat Island Effect in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal

Author

Listed:
  • Sabina Bhandari

    (Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA)

  • Chuanrong Zhang

    (Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA)

Abstract

The rapid population growth and unplanned urbanization within Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) have induced land use and land cover (LULC) changes that have exacerbated problems of air pollution and the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. These issues, as well as potential mitigations and possible counteractions, are currently under investigation by numerous research communities, resulting in various solutions being put forward including the creation of Urban Green Spaces (UGS). Establishing UGS would increase carbon dioxide extraction, minimizing photochemical ozone formation and liberation, while simultaneously cooling the microclimate of an area such as KMC. Optimized implementation of UGS throughout KMC requires an understanding of and prioritization of locations based on degraded air quality and the UHI effect. Unfortunately, such studies in these areas appear to be severely lacking, which has acted as a catalyst for this study. This research includes prioritization on two different spatial units—(i) at the administrative ward level and (ii) 0.0025° fishnet level. The result identifies the high-need locations where UGS establishment is recommended to mitigate air pollution and the UHI effect. Information obtained also heightened the existing UGS’s current sparsity and deplorable conditions. Findings from this study indicate that the utilization of rooftops are potential locations for new UGS, and enhancement of the existing UGS would prove to be an efficient use of currently underutilized spaces.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabina Bhandari & Chuanrong Zhang, 2022. "Urban Green Space Prioritization to Mitigate Air Pollution and the Urban Heat Island Effect in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:11:p:2074-:d:976464
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2074/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2074/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Opoku, Eric Evans Osei & Boachie, Micheal Kofi, 2020. "The environmental impact of industrialization and foreign direct investment," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    2. Quy Van Khuc & Minh-Hoang Nguyen & Tam-Tri Le & Truc-Le Nguyen & Thuy Nguyen & Hoang Khac Lich & Quan-Hoang Vuong, 2022. "Brain Drain out of the Blue: Pollution-Induced Migration in Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-20, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ryohei Ogawa & Ye Zhang & Vouchlay Theng & Zhongyu Guo & Manna Wang & Chihiro Yoshimura, 2023. "Capacity Assessment of Urban Green Space for Mitigating Combined Sewer Overflows in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-16, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Yaping & Sadiq, Farah & Ali, Wajahat & Kumail, Tafazal, 2022. "Does tourism development, energy consumption, trade openness and economic growth matters for ecological footprint: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve and pollution haven hypothesis for Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    2. Ullah, Sami & Lin, Boqiang, 2024. "Harnessing the synergistic impacts of financial structure, industrialization, and ecological footprint through the lens of the EKC hypothesis. Insights from Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    3. Isaac K. Ofori & Francesco Figari & Nathanael Ojong, 2023. "Towards sustainability: The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic freedom and inclusive green growth," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 23/023, African Governance and Development Institute..
    4. Eric Evans Osei Opoku & Alex O. Acheampong & Janet Dzator & Nana Kwabena Kufuor, 2022. "Does environmental sustainability attract foreign investment? Evidence from developing countries," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(7), pages 3542-3573, November.
    5. Huntington, Hillard, 2025. "Do high power prices slow electrification? Some panel data evidence," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    6. Eduardo Polloni-Silva & Diogo Ferraz & Flávia de Castro Camioto & Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento Rebelatto & Herick Fernando Moralles, 2021. "Environmental Kuznets Curve and the Pollution-Halo/Haven Hypotheses: An Investigation in Brazilian Municipalities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Ofori, Isaac K. & Figari, Francesco & Ojong, Nathanael, 2023. "Towards sustainability: The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic freedom and inclusive green growth," MPRA Paper 116956, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Ofori, Isaac & Asongu, Simplice, 2022. "Repackaging FDI for Inclusive Growth: Nullifying Effects and Policy Relevant Thresholds of Governance," MPRA Paper 119052, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. James Temitope Dada & Taiwo Akinlo, 2021. "Foreign direct investment and poverty reduction in sub-Saharan Africa: does environmental degradation matter?," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, December.
    10. Ofori, Isaac K. & Gbolonyo, Emmanuel & Ojong, Nathanael, 2022. "Towards Inclusive Green Growth in Africa: Critical energy efficiency synergies and governance thresholds," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 365, pages 1-48.
    11. Opoku, Eric Evans Osei & Aluko, Olufemi Adewale, 2021. "Heterogeneous effects of industrialization on the environment: Evidence from panel quantile regression," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 174-184.
    12. Opoku, Eric Evans Osei & Dogah, Kingsley E. & Aluko, Olufemi Adewale, 2022. "The contribution of human development towards environmental sustainability," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    13. Qichang Xie & Yingkun Yan & Xu Wang, 2023. "Assessing the role of foreign direct investment in environmental sustainability: a spatial semiparametric panel approach," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 1263-1295, April.
    14. Chien, FengSheng & Paramaiah, Ch & joseph, Robinson & Pham, Hong Chuong & Phan, Thi Thu Hien & Ngo, Thanh Quang, 2023. "The impact of eco-innovation, trade openness, financial development, green energy and government governance on sustainable development in ASEAN countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 259-268.
    15. Ofori, Isaac K. & Gbolonyo, Emmanuel Y. & Ojong, Nathanael, 2022. "Foreign Direct Investment and Inclusive Green Growth in Africa: Energy Efficiency Contingencies and Thresholds," MPRA Paper 115379, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 09 Nov 2022.
    16. Ofori, Isaac K. & Freytag, Andreas & Asongu, Simplice A., 2024. "Economic globalisation and Africa's quest for greener and more inclusive growth: The missing link," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    17. Jun Zhang & Jiangquan Wang & Linling Zhang & Lei Zhao, 2022. "Impact of industrialization on China’s regional energy security in the New Era," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(6), pages 8418-8440, June.
    18. Etienne Inedit Blaise Tsomb Tsomb & Lyvane Pervange Nembot Nguitchou, 2024. "The vulnerability to climate change in Africa: Does industrial development matter?," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 36(2), pages 222-238, June.
    19. John A. Jinapor & Shafic Suleman & Richard Stephens Cromwell, 2023. "Energy Consumption and Environmental Quality in Africa: Does Energy Efficiency Make Any Difference?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-26, January.
    20. Zahed Ghaderi & Behnaz Saboori & Mana Khoshkam, 2023. "Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in the MENA Region: The Roles of International Tourist Arrivals, Energy Consumption and Trade Openness," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:11:p:2074-:d:976464. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.