IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jjrfmx/v17y2024i10p471-d1501928.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Time–Frequency Co-Movement of South African Asset Markets: Evidence from an MGARCH-ADCC Wavelet Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Fabian Moodley

    (School of Economic Science, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark 1174, South Africa)

  • Sune Ferreira-Schenk

    (School of Economic Science, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark 1174, South Africa)

  • Kago Matlhaku

    (School of Economic Science, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark 1174, South Africa)

Abstract

The growing prominence of generating a well-diversified portfolio by holding securities from multi-asset markets has, over the years, drawn criticism. Various financial market events have caused asset markets to co-move, especially in emerging markets, which reduces portfolio diversification and enhances return losses. Consequently, this study examines the time–frequency co-movement of multi-asset classes in South Africa by using the Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic–Asymmetrical Dynamic Conditional Correlation (MGARCH-DCC) model, Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transformation (MODWT), and the Continuous Wavelet Transform (WTC) for the period 2007 to 2024. The findings demonstrate that the equity–bond, equity–property, equity–gold, bond–property, bond–gold, and property–gold markets depict asymmetrical time-varying correlations. Moreover, correlation in these asset pairs varies at investment periods (short-term, medium-term, and long-term), with historical events such as the 2007/2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the COVID-19 pandemic causing these asset pairs to co-move at different investment periods, which reduces diversification properties. The findings suggest that South African multi-asset markets co-move, affecting the diversification properties of holding multi-asset classes in a portfolio at different investment periods. Consequently, investors should consider the holding periods of each asset market pair in a portfolio as they dictate the level of portfolio diversification. Investors should also remember that there are lead–lag relationships and risk transmission between asset market pairs, enhancing portfolio volatility. This study assists investors in making more informed investment decisions and identifying optimal entry or exit points within South African multi-asset markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabian Moodley & Sune Ferreira-Schenk & Kago Matlhaku, 2024. "Time–Frequency Co-Movement of South African Asset Markets: Evidence from an MGARCH-ADCC Wavelet Analysis," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-26, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:10:p:471-:d:1501928
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/17/10/471/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/17/10/471/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Omokolade Akinsomi & Mehmet Balcilar & Rıza Demirer & Rangan Gupta, 2017. "The effect of gold market speculation on REIT returns in South Africa: a behavioral perspective," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 41(4), pages 774-793, October.
    2. McIver, Ron P. & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2020. "Financial crises and the dynamics of the spillovers between the U.S. and BRICS stock markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    3. Karim, Muhammad Mahmudul & Kawsar, Najmul Haque & Ariff, Mohamed & Masih, Mansur, 2022. "Does implied volatility (or fear index) affect Islamic stock returns and conventional stock returns differently? Wavelet-based granger-causality, asymmetric quantile regression and NARDL approaches," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    4. Robert Engle, 2001. "GARCH 101: The Use of ARCH/GARCH Models in Applied Econometrics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(4), pages 157-168, Fall.
    5. Liu, Sijie & Geng, Yong & Gao, Ziyan & Li, Jinze & Xiao, Shijiang, 2023. "Uncovering the key features of gold flows and stocks in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    6. Huang, Chai Liang, 2020. "International stock market co-movements following US financial globalization," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 788-814.
    7. Bredin, Don & Conlon, Thomas & Potì, Valerio, 2015. "Does gold glitter in the long-run? Gold as a hedge and safe haven across time and investment horizon," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 320-328.
    8. Engle, Robert, 2002. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: A Simple Class of Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(3), pages 339-350, July.
    9. Fabian Moodley & Ntokozo Nzimande & Paul-Francois Muzindutsi, 2022. "Stock Returns Indices and Changing Macroeconomic Conditions: Evidence from the Johannesburg Securities Exchange," EuroEconomica, Danubius University of Galati, issue 3(12), pages 109-121, December.
    10. Aftab Parvez Khan & Sarkar Humayun Kabir & Omar K M R Bashar & A. Mansur M. Masih, 2015. "Time Varying Correlation Between Islamic Equity and Commodity Returns: Implications for Portfolio Diversification," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 49(5), pages 115-128, Special I.
    11. Huang, Zishan & Zhu, Huiming & Hau, Liya & Deng, Xi, 2023. "Time-frequency co-movement and network connectedness between green bond and financial asset markets: Evidence from multiscale TVP-VAR analysis," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Waheed Ullah Shah & Ibtissem Missaoui & Ijaz Younis & Xiyu Liu, 2025. "Climate risk co-movements effect on South Asia’s emerging stock market for financial inclusion," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Torben G. Andersen & Tim Bollerslev & Peter Christoffersen & Francis X. Diebold, 2007. "Practical Volatility and Correlation Modeling for Financial Market Risk Management," NBER Chapters, in: The Risks of Financial Institutions, pages 513-544, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Salisu, Afees A. & Akinsomi, Omokolade & Ametefe, Frank Kwakutse & Hammed, Yinka S., 2024. "Gold market volatility and REITs' returns during tranquil and turbulent episodes," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PA).
    3. Ali, Sajid & Raza, Naveed & Vinh Vo, Xuan & Le, Van, 2022. "Modelling the joint dynamics of financial assets using MGARCH family models: Insights into hedging and diversification strategies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    4. Wu, Hao & Zhu, Huiming & Huang, Fei & Mao, Weifang, 2023. "How does economic policy uncertainty drive time–frequency connectedness across commodity and financial markets?," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    5. Cui, Jinxin & Maghyereh, Aktham, 2023. "Higher-order moment risk connectedness and optimal investment strategies between international oil and commodity futures markets: Insights from the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    6. Yousaf, Imran & Suleman, Muhammad Tahir & Demirer, Riza, 2022. "Green investments: A luxury good or a financial necessity?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    7. Singh, Amanjot, 2021. "Investigating the dynamic relationship between litigation funding, gold, bitcoin and the stock market: The case of Australia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 45-57.
    8. Felor Ghorashi & Roya Darabi, 2017. "Compare Value at Risk and Return of Assets Portfolio Stock, Gold, REIT, U.S. & Iran Market Indices," Asian Journal of Economic Modelling, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 5(1), pages 44-48, March.
    9. Rahim, Adam Mohamed & Masih, Mansur, 2014. "Effects of Political Turmoil (Arab Spring) on Portfolio Diversification Benefits: Perspectives of the Moroccan Islamic Stock investors," MPRA Paper 58832, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Văn, Lê & Bảo, Nguyễn Khắc Quốc, 2022. "The relationship between global stock and precious metals under Covid-19 and happiness perspectives," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    11. Rayadurgam, Vikram Chandramouli & Mangalagiri, Jayasree, 2023. "Does inclusion of GARCH variance in deep learning models improve financial contagion prediction?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    12. Julia S. Mehlitz & Benjamin R. Auer, 2021. "Time‐varying dynamics of expected shortfall in commodity futures markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(6), pages 895-925, June.
    13. BAUWENS, Luc & HAFNER, Christian & LAURENT, Sébastien, 2011. "Volatility models," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2011058, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
      • Bauwens, L. & Hafner C. & Laurent, S., 2011. "Volatility Models," LIDAM Discussion Papers ISBA 2011044, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
      • Bauwens, L. & Hafner, C. & Laurent, S., 2012. "Volatility Models," LIDAM Reprints ISBA 2012028, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
    14. Oosterlinck, Kim & Reyns, Ariane & Szafarz, Ariane, 2023. "Gold, bitcoin, and portfolio diversification: Lessons from the Ukrainian war," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    15. Huo, Rui & Ahmed, Abdullahi D., 2018. "Relationships between Chinese stock market and its index futures market: Evaluating the impact of QFII scheme," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 135-152.
    16. Dao, Thong M. & McGroarty, Frank & Urquhart, Andrew, 2019. "The Brexit vote and currency markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 153-164.
    17. Kurter, Zeynep O., 2024. "How macroeconomic conditions affect systemic risk in the short and long-run?," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    18. C. Alexander & M. Coulon & Y. Han & X. Meng, 2024. "Evaluating the discrimination ability of proper multi-variate scoring rules," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 334(1), pages 857-883, March.
    19. Felor Ghorashi & Roya Darabi, 2016. "Compare Value at Risk and Return of Assets Portfolio Stock, Gold, REIT, U.S. & Iran Market Indices," Asian Journal of Economic Modelling, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 5(1), pages 44-48, March.
    20. Hanif, Waqas & Andraz, Jorge Miguel & Gubareva, Mariya & Teplova, Tamara, 2024. "Are REITS hedge or safe haven against oil price fall?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(PA), pages 1-16.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:10:p:471-:d:1501928. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.