IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijfss/v11y2023i4p118-d1253470.html

Does Family Ownership Moderate the Relationship between Board Diversity and the Financial Performance of Saudi-Listed Firms

Author

Listed:
  • Ayman Hassan Bazhair

    (Faculty of Business Administration, Department of Economics and Finance, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hamid Ghazi H Sulimany

    (Faculty of Business Administration, Accounting Department, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This paper explores the moderating role of family ownership in the relationship between board diversity and financial performance. The study sampled data of 98 Saudi non-financial companies from 2012 to 2021. The data were analysed using fixed effect regression, while a generalised method of moments (GMM) was employed for a robustness test. The empirical evidence suggests that board gender may not have much relevance in enhancing the financial performance of Saudi firms. In contrast, the research findings emphasised that coupled with stringent monitoring from family ownership, foreign directorship, CEO tenure, and board financial expertise may serve as crucial control mechanisms that can minimise agency costs, leading to higher financial performance. This research modelled how the interaction between family ownership and board diversity attributes may determine financial performance. Hence, the study contributes to the body of knowledge by unveiling a more robust control governance mechanism, particularly in developing economies with ineffective markets for corporate controls.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayman Hassan Bazhair & Hamid Ghazi H Sulimany, 2023. "Does Family Ownership Moderate the Relationship between Board Diversity and the Financial Performance of Saudi-Listed Firms," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:118-:d:1253470
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/11/4/118/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/11/4/118/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Masulis, Ronald W. & Wang, Cong & Xie, Fei, 2012. "Globalizing the boardroom—The effects of foreign directors on corporate governance and firm performance," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 527-554.
    2. Shleifer, Andrei & Vishny, Robert W, 1997. "A Survey of Corporate Governance," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(2), pages 737-783, June.
    3. Kean Wu & Susan Sorensen & Li Sun, 2019. "Board independence and information asymmetry: family firms vs non-family firms," Asian Review of Accounting, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 27(3), pages 329-349, June.
    4. Muhammad Waris & Badariah Haji Din, 2023. "Impact of corporate governance and ownership concentrations on timelines of financial reporting in Pakistan," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2164995-216, December.
    5. Nguyen Minh Ha & Bao Ngoc Do & Trung Thanh Ngo, 2022. "The impact of family ownership on firm performance: A study on Vietnam," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2038417-203, December.
    6. Burak Güner, A. & Malmendier, Ulrike & Tate, Geoffrey, 2008. "Financial expertise of directors," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 323-354, May.
    7. Chris Bart & Gregory McQueen, 2013. "Why women make better directors," International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 8(1), pages 93-99.
    8. Rajan, Raghuram G & Zingales, Luigi, 1995. "What Do We Know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(5), pages 1421-1460, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Abdulaziz Ahmed Aljammaz & Suresh Ramakrishnan & Hamid Ghazi H. Sulimany & Saleh F.A. Khatib & Adnan Ali & Ehsan Almoataz & Abdulrhman Atllah Alharbi, 2025. "Mediating role of financial sustainability between board diversity and firms’ resilience: evidence from Saudi listed firms," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohammed Naif Alshareef, 2024. "Ownership Structure and Financial Sustainability of Saudi Listed Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Nguyen, Thi Tuyet Mai, 2017. "An examination of independent directors in Vietnam," OSF Preprints ay6dv, Center for Open Science.
    3. Ahmed Bouteska, 2020. "Do Board Characteristics Affect Bank Performance? Evidence from the Eurozone," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(6), pages 535-548, October.
    4. Mohammed Naif Alshareef & Hamid Ghazi H Sulimany, 2024. "Board Financial Expertise and Financial Sustainability: Evidence from Saudi-Listed Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-14, August.
    5. An, Jiafu & Duan, Tinghua & Hou, Wenxuan & Liu, Xianda, 2020. "The legacy of wars around the world: Evidence from military directors," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    6. Martin Bugeja & Zoltan Matolcsy & Wassila Mehdi & Helen Spiropoulos, 2017. "Is non-executive directors’ pay or industry expertise related to takeover premiums, abnormal returns and offer price revisions?," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 42(3), pages 355-375, August.
    7. Catarina Fernandes & Jorge Farinha & Francisco Vitorino Martins & Cesario Mateus, 2018. "Bank governance and performance: a survey of the literature," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(3), pages 236-256, July.
    8. Jannine Poletti‐Hughes & Beatriz Martínez Garcia, 2022. "Leverage in family firms: The moderating role of female directors and board quality," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 207-223, January.
    9. Heinrich, Ralph P., 1999. "Complementarities in Corporate Governance - A Survey of the Literature with Special Emphasis on Japan," Kiel Working Papers 947, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
    10. Surenderrao Komera & P. J. Jijo Lukose, 2016. "Heterogeneity and Asymmetry in Speed of Leverage Adjustment: The Indian Experience," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 19(03), pages 1-26, September.
    11. Suman Banerjee & Saul Estrin & Sarmistha Pal, 2022. "Corporate disclosure, compliance and consequences: evidence from Russia," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(17), pages 1770-1802, November.
    12. Anderson, Ronald W. & Hamadi, Malika, 2009. "Large powerful shareholders and cash holding," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 24422, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Constant Djama, 2008. "Fraude A L'Information Comptable Et Financiere : Le Role Des Autorites De Regulation," Post-Print halshs-00522510, HAL.
    14. John R. Graham & Sonali Hazarika & Krishnamoorthy Narasimhan, 2011. "Corporate Governance, Debt, and Investment Policy During the Great Depression," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 57(12), pages 2083-2100, December.
    15. Wiwattanakantang, Yupana, 1999. "An empirical study on the determinants of the capital structure of Thai firms," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 7(3-4), pages 371-403, August.
    16. Wali Ullah, 2017. "Evolving corporate governance and firms performance: evidence from Japanese firms," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 1-33, February.
    17. Reena Aggarwal & Isil Erel & René Stulz & Rohan Williamson, 2010. "Differences in Governance Practices between US and Foreign Firms: Measurement, Causes, and Consequences," NBER Chapters, in: Corporate Governance, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. Faiza Siddiqui & Yusheng Kong & Hyder Ali & Salma Naz, 2024. "Energy-Related Uncertainty and Idiosyncratic Return Volatility: Implications for Sustainable Investment Strategies in Chinese Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-39, August.
    19. Di Giuli, Alberta & Laux, Paul A., 2022. "The effect of media-linked directors on financing and external governance," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(2), pages 103-131.
    20. Antonczyk, Ron Christian & Salzmann, Astrid Juliane, 2014. "Overconfidence and optimism: The effect of national culture on capital structure," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 132-151.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:118-:d:1253470. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager The email address of this maintainer does not seem to be valid anymore. Please ask MDPI Indexing Manager to update the entry or send us the correct address (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.