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Quantitative Definition of Low-Health-Interest Populations by Using Regression Trees: A Nationwide Internet Survey in Japan

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  • Yoko Nishizawa

    (Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
    Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Adachi Medical Center, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 123-8558, Japan)

  • Takuya Yamada

    (Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan)

  • Kumi Sugimoto

    (Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan)

  • Chie Ozawa

    (Division of Cancer Information Service, National Cancer Center Japan Institute for Cancer Control, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan)

  • Takahiro Tabuchi

    (Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
    Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai-shi 980-8575, Japan)

  • Hirono Ishikawa

    (Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan)

  • Yoshiharu Fukuda

    (Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan)

Abstract

Background: Reducing health disparities is a public health issue. Identification of low-health-interest populations is important, but a definition of people with low health interest has not yet been established. We aimed to quantitatively define low-health-interest populations. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional internet survey was conducted in 2022. We compiled regression tree (RT) analyses with/without adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status with the 12-item Interest in Health Scale (IHS, score range 12–48) as an explanatory variable and the 10 composite health behaviors as a dependent variable. We defined the first IHS branching condition from the root node as a lower-health-interest group and the terminal node with the lowest health behaviors as the lowest-health-interest group. Results: The mean IHS value of 22,263 analyzed participants was 32.1 ± 5.6; it was higher in females and in those who were aged over 45 years, had a high education, a high income, or a spouse. The first branching condition was IHS 31.5, and the terminal node branched at 24.5, before/after adjustment for covariates. Conclusions: We determined the cutoff values of the IHS as <32 for a lower-health-interest group and <25 for the lowest-health-interest group. Using these cutoffs might enable us to reveal the characteristics of low-health-interest populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoko Nishizawa & Takuya Yamada & Kumi Sugimoto & Chie Ozawa & Takahiro Tabuchi & Hirono Ishikawa & Yoshiharu Fukuda, 2024. "Quantitative Definition of Low-Health-Interest Populations by Using Regression Trees: A Nationwide Internet Survey in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:8:p:1049-:d:1452946
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Frohlich, K.L. & Potvin, L., 2008. "Transcending the known in public health practice: The inequality paradox: The population approach and vulnerable populations," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(2), pages 216-221.
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