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Human Health Impacts of Residential Radon Exposure: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case–Control Studies

Author

Listed:
  • Le Thi Nhu Ngoc

    (Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea)

  • Duckshin Park

    (Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI), 176 Cheoldobakmulkwan-ro, Uiwang-si 16105, Republic of Korea)

  • Young-Chul Lee

    (Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of residential radon exposure on human cancers (i.e., lung cancer and childhood leukemia) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies. A total of 9724 articles obtained from electronic databases were assessed; however, only 55 case–control studies were eligible after manually screening and eliminating unnecessary studies. The causal associations were addressed by determining the meta-analysis’s estimated size effects (i.e., ORs/RRs) of the meta-analysis. Residential radon was revealed to significantly increase the incidence of lung cancer and childhood leukemia with pooled ORs of 1.38 [1.19; 1.60] (I 2 = 90%; p < 0.00001) and 1.43 [1.19; 1.72] (I 2 = 0% and p = 0.51), respectively. In addition, subgroup analyses were performed to reduce the heterogeneity of the initial meta-analyses. The results provided strong evidence that inhaling radon in the indoor environments is closely associated with the development of lung cancer and childhood leukemia in patients living in Europe and areas with high radon levels (≥100 Bq/m 3 ).

Suggested Citation

  • Le Thi Nhu Ngoc & Duckshin Park & Young-Chul Lee, 2022. "Human Health Impacts of Residential Radon Exposure: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case–Control Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-19, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:97-:d:1010707
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    2. Eung Joo Park & Hokyou Lee & Hyeon Chang Kim & Seung Soo Sheen & Sang Baek Koh & Ki Soo Park & Nam Han Cho & Cheol-Min Lee & Dae Ryong Kang, 2020. "Residential Radon Exposure and Cigarette Smoking in Association with Lung Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study in Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-9, April.
    3. Alavanja, M.C.R. & Lubin, J.H. & Mahaffey, J.A. & Brownson, R.C., 1999. "Residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer in Missouri," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 89(7), pages 1042-1048.
    4. Cong Li & Chunhong Wang & Jun Yu & Yongsheng Fan & Duanya Liu & Wenshan Zhou & Tingming Shi, 2020. "Residential Radon and Histological Types of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Case‒Control Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-16, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andreas Maier & Tarryn Bailey & Annika Hinrichs & Sylvie Lerchl & Richard T. Newman & Claudia Fournier & Charlot Vandevoorde, 2023. "Experimental Setups for In Vitro Studies on Radon Exposure in Mammalian Cells—A Critical Overview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-29, April.

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