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Accessibility of Park Green Space in Wuhan, China: Implications for Spatial Equity in the Post-COVID-19 Era

Author

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  • Shujin Zhang

    (School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Peiheng Yu

    (Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Yiyun Chen

    (School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Ying Jing

    (Ningbo Institute of Technology, School of Economics, Zhejiang University, 1 Qianhu South Road, Ningbo 315000, China)

  • Fanxin Zeng

    (Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China)

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have seen the precious value of park green space for health. In the post-COVID-19 Era, it is essential to understand the different needs and expectations of different communities for the use of park green space. A myriad of previous studies focused on the whole city’s demand for park green space, while few studies examined spatial equity from a supply-demand perspective. This paper aims to investigate the differences in park green space accessibility among people of different ages at a community scale. Specifically, to better evaluate the accessibility of park green space and account for the travel choice, we compared the effects of the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method containing different distance decay functions (i.e., the improved 2SFCA methods) by considering the traffic network and the scale of park green space. In addition, we compared the improved 2SFCA methods with the traditional 2SFCA. This study investigated the spatial equity of park green space accessibility in 1184 communities with a total population of 6,468,612 in the central urban districts of Wuhan. The results showed that the high accessible communities were concentrated in the urban center along the Yangtze River. The improved 2SFCA methods outperformed the traditional 2SFCA, and presented smoother gradient information. It was revealed that over half of communities’ park green space accessibility levels did not match their population density. Inequality of accessibility to park green space was found in people of different ages, especially for the youth (Gini coefficient was as high as 0.83). The difference in the accessibility of urban park green space among different age structures implies the need to integrate community green space planning into urban planning in the post-COVID-19 Era.

Suggested Citation

  • Shujin Zhang & Peiheng Yu & Yiyun Chen & Ying Jing & Fanxin Zeng, 2022. "Accessibility of Park Green Space in Wuhan, China: Implications for Spatial Equity in the Post-COVID-19 Era," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5440-:d:805609
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    3. Zhen Yin & Lifei Wang & Zhen Xu, 2025. "Retrofit-Oriented Large Parks’ Walking-Shed Evaluation—A Case Study of Rizhao, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, February.
    4. Sophiya Gyanwali & Shashank Karki & Kee Moon Jang & Tom Crawford & Mengxi Zhang & Junghwan Kim, 2025. "Implications for spatial non-stationarity and the neighborhood effect averaging problem (NEAP) in green inequality research: evidence from three states in the USA," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 7-30, January.
    5. Brenda B. Lin & Susan Thompson & Richard Mitchell & Thomas Astell-Burt & Evelyne De Leeuw & Bin Jalaludin & Xiaoqi Feng, 2023. "Policymaker and Practitioner Perceptions of Parks for Health and Wellbeing: Scoping a Holistic Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    6. Peiheng Yu & Izzy Yi Jian & Esther H. K. Yung & Edwin H. W. Chan & Man Sing Wong & Yiyun Chen, 2023. "Spatial Vertical Equity in Public General Hospitals: Towards a Sustainable Healthcare System," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-15, July.
    7. Liping Wang & Xiufeng Sun & Junru Yan & Meiru Xie & Hua Qin, 2025. "Quantitative Assessment of Age-Friendly Design in Mountainous Urban Community Parks Based on Nonlinear Models: An Empirical Study in Chongqing, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-30, April.
    8. Shuyu Huang & Chunxiao Wang & Mengting Deng & Yuxi Chen, 2022. "Coupling Coordination between Park Green Space (PGS) and Socioeconomic Deprivation (SED) in High-Density City Based on Multi-Scale: From Environmental Justice Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Jumadi Jumadi & Vidya N. Fikriyah & Hamim Z. Hadibasyir & Muhammad I. T. Sunariya & Kuswaji D. Priyono & Noor A. Setiyadi & Steve J. Carver & Paul D. Norman & Nick S. Malleson & Arif Rohman & Aynaz Lo, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Accessibility of COVID-19 Healthcare Facilities in Jakarta, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, November.
    10. Yu Zheng & Shan Wang & Jinli Zhu & Shuo Huang & Linli Cheng & Jianwen Dong & Yuxiang Sun, 2023. "A Comprehensive Evaluation of Supply and Demand in Urban Parks along “Luck Greenway” in Fuzhou," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    11. Siqi Lai & Yifan Zhu & Brian Deal, 2023. "Did COVID-19 Reshape Visitor Preferences in Urban Parks? Investigating Influences on Sentiments in Shanghai, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-16, November.
    12. Siqiang Wang & Esther Hiu Kwan Yung & Ester Cerin & Yifan Yu & Peiheng Yu, 2022. "Older People’s Usage Pattern, Satisfaction with Community Facility and Well-Being in Urban Old Districts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-24, August.

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