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Unethical Organization Behavior: Antecedents and Consequences in the Tourism Industry

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  • Ibrahim A. Elshaer

    (Department of Management, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 380, Saudi Arabia
    Hotel Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

  • Alaa M. S. Azazz

    (Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Arts College, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 380, Saudi Arabia
    Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

  • Samar K. Saad

    (Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

Abstract

The entire tourism and hospitality industry has witnessed a considerable increase in the number of ethical difficulties that occur in the workplace. It has been discovered that unethical organizational behavior (UOB) is the most significant category in tourists’ unpleasant experiences, driving them to switch and spread unfavorable word-of-mouth information. This study aims to explore the effects of three contextual factors on UOB (i.e., work intensification, job insecurity, and an unethical company-profit climate) and to investigate its possible employee-related consequences, including the feeling of guilt, emotional exhaustion, and customer-oriented citizenship behavior. A total of 970 employees working in hotels (5-star and 4-star) and travel agencies (Category A) participated, and the obtained data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results asserted that work intensification, job insecurity, and an unethical company-profit climate stimulate unethical organizational behavior, and unethical organizational behavior leads to feelings of guilt, emotional exhaustion, and customer-oriented citizenship behavior. Significant insights into theoretical and practical implications were further discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Alaa M. S. Azazz & Samar K. Saad, 2022. "Unethical Organization Behavior: Antecedents and Consequences in the Tourism Industry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:4972-:d:797491
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Alaa M. S. Azazz, 2021. "Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic, Unethical Behavior in the Name of the Company: The Role of Job Insecurity, Job Embeddedness, and Turnover Intention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Tang, Pok Man & Yam, Kai Chi & Koopman, Joel, 2020. "Feeling proud but guilty? Unpacking the paradoxical nature of unethical pro-organizational behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 68-86.
    3. Taya Cohen & A. Panter & Nazli Turan, 2013. "Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior from Guilt Proneness," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 114(1), pages 45-53, April.
    4. Lawrence, Ericka R. & Kacmar, K. Michele, 2017. "Exploring the Impact of Job Insecurity on Employees’ Unethical Behavior," Business Ethics Quarterly, Cambridge University Press, vol. 27(1), pages 39-70, January.
    5. Rebecca Chunghee Kim, 2016. "Ethical Decision Making in International Business: A Study of Challenge in Teaching to Future Global Talents," Business and Management Studies, Redfame publishing, vol. 2(2), pages 1-13, June.
    6. Armstrong, J. Scott & Overton, Terry S., 1977. "Estimating Nonresponse Bias in Mail Surveys," MPRA Paper 81694, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Marwa Ghanem & Alaa M. S. Azazz, 2022. "An Unethical Organizational Behavior for the Sake of the Family: Perceived Risk of Job Insecurity, Family Motivation and Financial Pressures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Ratapol Wudhikarn & Photchanaphisut Pattanasak & Vorathamon Cherapanukorn & Boontarika Paphawasit, 2024. "Evaluating the Intellectual Capital of Intensively Tourism-Dependent Countries Between, Prior, and During the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-24, February.
    3. Meqbel M. Aliedan & Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih & Mansour A. Alyahya & Ibrahim A. Elshaer, 2022. "Influences of Distributive Injustice and Job Insecurity Amid COVID-19 on Unethical Pro-Organisational Behaviour: Mediating Role of Employee Turnover Intention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-16, June.

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