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Use of the English Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) with Health Science University Students in Nepal: A Validity Testing Study

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  • Shyam Sundar Budhathoki

    (Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, London W2 1PG, UK
    Nepalese Society of Community Medicine, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Melanie Hawkins

    (Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Gerald Elsworth

    (Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia)

  • Michael T. Fahey

    (Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
    Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter Macallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia)

  • Jeevan Thapa

    (Department of Community Health Sciences, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal)

  • Sandeepa Karki

    (Department of Health Services, Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal)

  • Lila Bahadur Basnet

    (Department of Health Services, Curative Service Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal)

  • Paras K. Pokharel

    (School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan 56700, Nepal)

  • Richard H. Osborne

    (Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia)

Abstract

Research evidence shows that health literacy development is a key factor influencing non-communicable diseases care and patient outcomes. Healthcare professionals with strong health literacy skills are essential for providing quality care. We aimed to report the validation testing of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) among health professional students in Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 419 health sciences students using the HLQ in Nepal. Validation testing and reporting were conducted using five sources outlined by ‘the 2014 Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing’. The average difficulty was lowest (17.4%) for Scale 4 . Social support for health , and highest (51.9%) for Scale 6 . Ability to actively engage with healthcare providers . One factor Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) model showed a good fit for Scale 2 , Scale 7 and Scale 9 and a reasonable fit for Scale 3 and Scale 4 . The restricted nine-factor CFA model showed a satisfactory level of fit. The use of HLQ is seen to be meaningful in Nepal and warrants translation into native Nepali and other dominant local languages with careful consideration of cultural appropriateness using cognitive interviews.

Suggested Citation

  • Shyam Sundar Budhathoki & Melanie Hawkins & Gerald Elsworth & Michael T. Fahey & Jeevan Thapa & Sandeepa Karki & Lila Bahadur Basnet & Paras K. Pokharel & Richard H. Osborne, 2022. "Use of the English Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) with Health Science University Students in Nepal: A Validity Testing Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3241-:d:767709
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nutbeam, Don, 2008. "The evolving concept of health literacy," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(12), pages 2072-2078, December.
    2. Karina Friis & Anna Aaby & Mathias Lasgaard & Marie Hauge Pedersen & Richard H. Osborne & Helle Terkildsen Maindal, 2020. "Low Health Literacy and Mortality in Individuals with Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Diabetes, and Mental Illness: A 6-Year Population-Based Follow-Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Rachael Laing & Sandra C Thompson & Shandell Elmer & Rohan L Rasiah, 2020. "Fostering Health Literacy Responsiveness in a Remote Primary Health Care Setting: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-21, April.
    4. Anita Trezona & Gill Rowlands & Don Nutbeam, 2018. "Progress in Implementing National Policies and Strategies for Health Literacy—What Have We Learned so Far?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jonas Lander & Marie-Luise Dierks & Melanie Hawkins, 2022. "Health Literacy Development among People with Chronic Diseases: Advancing the State of the Art and Learning from International Practices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-5, June.

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