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Interventions on Food Security and Water Uses for Improving Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women and Children Younger Than Five Years in Low-Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Author

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  • Cristina Urgell-Lahuerta

    (Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain)

  • Elena Carrillo-Álvarez

    (Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Blanca Salinas-Roca

    (Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain
    Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

Malnutrition is a global health issue concerning children and pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this review was to assess the health-impact outcomes of interventions addressing food security, water quality and hygiene in order to address the improvement of the nutritional status in children below five years and pregnant women in LMICs. Using PRISMA procedures, a systematic review was conducted by searching in biomedical databases clinical trials and interventions for children and pregnant women. Full articles were screened (n f = 252) and critically appraised. The review included 27 randomized and non-randomized trials and interventions. Based on the analysis, three agents concerning nutritional status were identified. First, exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding were fundamental elements in preventing malnutrition. Second, provision of sanitation facilities and the promotion of hygienic practices were also essential to prevent infections spread and the consequent deterioration of nutritional status. Finally, seasonality was also seen to be a relevant factor to consider while planning and implementing interventions in the populations under study. In spite of the efforts conducted over last decades, the improvement in food insecurity rates has remained insufficient. Therefore, the development of global health programs is fundamental to guide future actions.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristina Urgell-Lahuerta & Elena Carrillo-Álvarez & Blanca Salinas-Roca, 2021. "Interventions on Food Security and Water Uses for Improving Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women and Children Younger Than Five Years in Low-Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4799-:d:547953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Agnes Le Port & Tanguy Bernard & Melissa Hidrobo & Ousmane Birba & Rahul Rawat & Marie T Ruel, 2017. "Delivery of iron-fortified yoghurt, through a dairy value chain program, increases hemoglobin concentration among children 24 to 59 months old in Northern Senegal: A cluster-randomized control trial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-17, February.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    2. Celia Burgaz & Vanessa Gorasso & Wouter M. J. Achten & Carolina Batis & Luciana Castronuovo & Adama Diouf & Gershim Asiki & Boyd A. Swinburn & Mishel Unar-Munguía & Brecht Devleesschauwer & Gary Sacks, 2023. "The effectiveness of food system policies to improve nutrition, nutrition-related inequalities and environmental sustainability: a scoping review," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 15(5), pages 1313-1344, October.
    3. Vasilii Erokhin & Li Diao & Tianming Gao & Jean-Vasile Andrei & Anna Ivolga & Yuhang Zong, 2021. "The Supply of Calories, Proteins, and Fats in Low-Income Countries: A Four-Decade Retrospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-30, July.

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