IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i7p3559-d526428.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Stereotypes of Social Groups in Mainland China in Terms of Warmth and Competence: Evidence from a Large Undergraduate Sample

Author

Listed:
  • Zouhui Ji

    (Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
    Department of Psychology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yaping Yang

    (Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Xinfang Fan

    (Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Yuting Wang

    (Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Qiang Xu

    (Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Qing-Wei Chen

    (Lab of Light and Physiopsychological Health, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
    School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) has been validated in multiple countries and regions. However, previous validation studies in China have been limited by small sample size. The current research increased the sample size (n = 184 in the pilot study; n 1 = 1315 and n 2 = 268 in the formal study) to validate the SCM in mainland China in study 1. Supporting the SCM, 41 social groups were clustered into four quadrants based on warmth and competence dimensions. 35 of the 41 target groups (85.37%) receive ambivalent stereotype. Perceived warmth and competence were positively correlated ( r = 0.585, p < 0.001). Status and competence were positively related ( r = 0.81, p < 0.001), and competition and warmth were negatively related ( r = −0.77, p < 0.001). In addition, 24 typical social groups were selected and a list of stereotype words for these groups was developed in study 2 (n 1 = 48, n 2 = 52). The implications of the emerging social groups and the applications of this stereotype word list are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Zouhui Ji & Yaping Yang & Xinfang Fan & Yuting Wang & Qiang Xu & Qing-Wei Chen, 2021. "Stereotypes of Social Groups in Mainland China in Terms of Warmth and Competence: Evidence from a Large Undergraduate Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-21, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:7:p:3559-:d:526428
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/7/3559/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/7/3559/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kolbl, Živa & Diamantopoulos, Adamantios & Arslanagic-Kalajdzic, Maja & Zabkar, Vesna, 2020. "Do brand warmth and brand competence add value to consumers? A stereotyping perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 346-362.
    2. Adamantios Diamantopoulos & Arnd Florack & Georgios Halkias & Johanna Palcu, 2017. "Explicit versus implicit country stereotypes as predictors of product preferences: Insights from the stereotype content model," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(8), pages 1023-1036, October.
    3. Hu, Hongwei & Lu, Shuang & Huang, Chien-Chung, 2014. "The psychological and behavioral outcomes of migrant and left-behind children in China," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 1-10.
    4. Halkias, Georgios & Diamantopoulos, Adamantios, 2020. "Universal dimensions of individuals' perception: Revisiting the operationalization of warmth and competence with a mixed-method approach," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 714-736.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bourdin, David & Halkias, Georgios & Makri, Katerina, 2021. "The compensatory influences of country stereotypes and the global/local nature of brands: An extended framework," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 28-38.
    2. Ma, Haoling & Li, Dexian & Zhu, Xingchen, 2023. "Effects of parental involvement and family socioeconomic status on adolescent problem behaviors in China," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    3. Li Lin & Daniel T. L. Shek & Xiang Li, 2023. "Who benefits and appreciates more? An evaluation of Online Service-Learning Projects in Mainland China during the COVID-19 pandemic," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 18(2), pages 625-646, April.
    4. Yang, Banglin & Xiong, Cancan & Huang, Jin, 2021. "Parental emotional neglect and left-behind children’s externalizing problem behaviors: The mediating role of deviant peer affiliation and the moderating role of beliefs about adversity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    5. Xie, Xiaoxia & Huang, Chien-Chung & Chen, Yafan & Hao, Feng, 2019. "Intelligent robots and rural children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 283-290.
    6. Lyuci Zhang & Samsilah Roslan & Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh & Yuqin Jiang & Sumei Wu & Ye Chen, 2022. "Perceived Stress, Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Post-Stress Growth among Chinese Left-Behind Children: A Moderated Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, February.
    7. He, Xinming & Zhang, Jianhong, 2018. "Emerging market MNCs' cross-border acquisition completion: Institutional image and strategies," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 139-150.
    8. Yuwen Lyu & Julian Chun-Chung Chow & Ji-Jen Hwang & Zhi Li & Cheng Ren & Jungui Xie, 2022. "Psychological Well-Being of Left-Behind Children in China: Text Mining of the Social Media Website Zhihu," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-13, February.
    9. Xinxin Wang & Shidan Xu & Yubo Zhuo & Julian Chun-Chung Chow, 2023. "Higher Income but Lower Happiness with Left-Behind Experience? A Study of Long-Term Effects for China’s Migrants," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 18(1), pages 411-434, February.
    10. Zhang, Ruiping & Qiu, Zeguo & Li, Yajun & Liu, Lihong & Zhi, Suhua, 2021. "Teacher support, peer support, and externalizing problems among left-behind children in rural China: Sequential mediation by self-esteem and self-control," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    11. Lu, Shuang & Huang, Chien-Chung & Rios, Juan, 2017. "Mindfulness and academic performance: An example of migrant children in China," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 53-59.
    12. Halkias, Georgios & Diamantopoulos, Adamantios, 2020. "Universal dimensions of individuals' perception: Revisiting the operationalization of warmth and competence with a mixed-method approach," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 714-736.
    13. Raffaele Filieri & Zhibin Lin & Simona D’Antone & Elena Chatzopoulou, 2019. "A cultural approach to brand equity: the role of brand mianzi and brand popularity in China," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 26(4), pages 376-394, July.
    14. Zhou, Zhimin & Ding, Yi & Feng, Wenting & Ke, Nianman, 2021. "Extending B2B brands into the B2C market: Whether, when, and how brands should emphasize B2B industry background," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 364-375.
    15. Man, Xiaoou & Barth, Richard P. & Li, Yue-e & Wang, Zuobao, 2017. "Exploring the new child protection system in Mainland China: How does it work?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 196-202.
    16. Chen Pang & Jie Zhou & Xiaofen Ji, 2022. "The Effects of Chinese Consumers’ Brand Green Stereotypes on Purchasing Intention toward Upcycled Clothing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    17. Tao Liu & Kewei Shi & Lingli Hu & Yuqing Liu & Yunyao Liu, 2023. "A New Instrument for Measuring Customers’ Perceptions of Service Warmth: A Big Data and Machine Learning Approach," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    18. Cadsby, C. Bram & Song, Fei & Yang, Xiaolan, 2020. "Are “left-behind” children really left behind? A lab-in-field experiment concerning the impact of rural/urban status and parental migration on children's other-regarding preferences," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 715-728.
    19. Hongwei Hu & Jiamin Gao & Haochen Jiang & Haixia Jiang & Shaoyun Guo & Kun Chen & Kaili Jin & Yingying Qi, 2018. "A Comparative Study of Behavior Problems among Left-Behind Children, Migrant Children and Local Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, April.
    20. Neda Letukytė & Sigitas Urbonavičius, 2022. "Impact of the Congruence Between Brand Personality and Consumer Personality on Emotional Loyalty: What Makes Apple and Samsung Different," Tržište/Market, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, vol. 34(1), pages 59-77.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:7:p:3559-:d:526428. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.