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Anhedonia as a Potential Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Sample: Results from the ZARADEMP Project

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  • David Vaquero-Puyuelo

    (Psychiatry Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Both authors contributed equally.)

  • Concepción De-la-Cámara

    (Psychiatry Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Beatriz Olaya

    (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Patricia Gracia-García

    (Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Antonio Lobo

    (Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Raúl López-Antón

    (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Javier Santabárbara

    (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

(1) Introduction: Dementia is a major public health problem, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent subtype. Clarifying the potential risk factors is necessary in order to improve dementia-prevention strategies and quality of life. Here, our purpose was to investigate the role of the absence of hedonic tone; anhedonia, understood as the reduction on previous enjoyable daily activities, which occasionally is underdetected and underdiagnosed; and the risk of developing AD in a cognitively unimpaired and non-depressed population sample. (2) Method: We used data from the Zaragoza Dementia and Depression (ZARADEMP) project, a longitudinal epidemiological study on dementia and depression. After excluding subjects with dementia, a sample of 2830 dwellers aged ≥65 years was followed for 4.5 years. The geriatric mental state examination was used to identify cases of anhedonia. AD was diagnosed by a panel of research psychiatrists according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. A multivariate survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed, and the analysis was controlled by an analysis for the presence of clinically significant depression. (3) Results: We found a significant association between anhedonia cases and AD risk in the univariate analysis (hazard ratio (HR): 2.37; 95% CI: 1.04–5.40). This association persisted more strongly in the fully adjusted model. (4) Conclusions: Identifying cognitively intact individuals with anhedonia is a priority to implement preventive strategies that could delay the progression of cognitive and functional impairment in subjects at risk of AD.

Suggested Citation

  • David Vaquero-Puyuelo & Concepción De-la-Cámara & Beatriz Olaya & Patricia Gracia-García & Antonio Lobo & Raúl López-Antón & Javier Santabárbara, 2021. "Anhedonia as a Potential Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Sample: Results from the ZARADEMP Project," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1370-:d:492113
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    References listed on IDEAS

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