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Measuring Risk Perception in Pregnant Women in Heavily Polluted Areas: A New Methodological Approach from the NEHO Birth Cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Silvia Ruggieri

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, 90146 Palermo, Italy
    Both authors equally contributed to the present work.)

  • Sabina Maltese

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, 90146 Palermo, Italy
    Both authors equally contributed to the present work.)

  • Gaspare Drago

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, 90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • Simona Panunzi

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science—BioMatLab, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Fabio Cibella

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, 90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Bianchi

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, 90146 Palermo, Italy
    National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Minichilli

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Liliana Cori

    (National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

Abstract

Risk perception (RP) evaluation during pregnancy and its relationship with lifestyles are considered useful tools for understanding communities living in high-risk areas and preventing dangerous exposure. It is well known that exposure to pollutants and less-healthy lifestyles may result in increased disease occurrence during life. Our work investigated environmental RP through ad hoc questionnaires administered to 611 mothers within the NEHO birth cohort, recruited in three heavily contaminated areas of Southern Italy. Four different RP indices, an exploratory factorial analysis (EFA), and a latent class analysis were evaluated from questionnaires. The highest values of risk perception index were observed in the Milazzo site (0.64 ± 0.16) and the lowest in the Crotone site (0.5 ± 0.18). EFA revealed four latent factors, including different items describing environmental pollution, and subjects were classified into four latent classes with different RP indices. Significant RP profiles were different among the sites ( p < 0.001). Our results did not demonstrate any association between RP and lifestyles during pregnancy. Improving healthy lifestyle behaviours, particularly in polluted areas, would generate co-benefits by preventing further risk factors. As remediation interventions can take a long time, it needs to improve healthy lifestyles in residents until remediation is completed.

Suggested Citation

  • Silvia Ruggieri & Sabina Maltese & Gaspare Drago & Simona Panunzi & Fabio Cibella & Fabrizio Bianchi & Fabrizio Minichilli & Liliana Cori, 2021. "Measuring Risk Perception in Pregnant Women in Heavily Polluted Areas: A New Methodological Approach from the NEHO Birth Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10616-:d:653219
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    References listed on IDEAS

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