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Validity and Internal Consistency of the Preschool-FLAT, a New Tool for the Assessment of Food Literacy in Young Children from the Training-To-Health Project

Author

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  • Garden Tabacchi

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Battaglia

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Messina

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy)

  • Antonio Paoli

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Antonio Palma

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy)

  • Marianna Bellafiore

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

Background: The importance of assessing “food literacy” since youth has been highlighted and, to this purpose, valid and consistent instruments are needed. This study aimed to assess the validity and internal consistency of the preschool-FLAT (Food Literacy Assessment Tool). Methods. 505 children from 21 kindergartens, recruited within the Training-to-Health Project in Palermo (Italy), underwent oral sessions and activities on food-related aspects. Their knowledge/skills were recorded in the preschool-FLAT. The following scale measures were assessed: Content validity; internal consistency (Chronbach’s alpha coefficients); construct validity (Structural Equation Modeling—SEM); discriminant validity (intervention subgroup of 100 children vs. control group of 27 children). Results. Acceptable content validity of a 16-items scale and overall adequate internal consistency were revealed: Content validity index (CVI) 0.94, content validity ratio (CVR) 0.88, Chronbach’s alpha 0.76. The SEM revealed a 4-factor model fitting the data well (comparative fit index 0.939, root mean square error of approximation 0.033). Discriminant validity was good (intervention group scoring higher than control, p < 0.001, unpaired Student’s t-test). Conclusion. The preschool-FLAT revealed good psychometric properties, adequate validity and internal consistency. This is the only instrument in the literature specifically targeted to 3–6 years old children that could be effectively used to assess food literacy.

Suggested Citation

  • Garden Tabacchi & Giuseppe Battaglia & Giuseppe Messina & Antonio Paoli & Antonio Palma & Marianna Bellafiore, 2020. "Validity and Internal Consistency of the Preschool-FLAT, a New Tool for the Assessment of Food Literacy in Young Children from the Training-To-Health Project," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:8:p:2759-:d:346379
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nutbeam, Don, 2008. "The evolving concept of health literacy," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(12), pages 2072-2078, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hala Mohsen & Yonna Sacre & Lara Hanna-Wakim & Maha Hoteit, 2022. "Nutrition and Food Literacy in the MENA Region: A Review to Inform Nutrition Research and Policy Makers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-25, August.
    2. Garden Tabacchi & Luca Petrigna & Giuseppe Battaglia & Giovanni Navarra & Antonio Palma & Marianna Bellafiore, 2021. "An Interaction Path of Mothers’ and Preschoolers’ Food- and Physical Activity-Related Aspects in Disadvantaged Sicilian Urban Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Virginia Vettori & Chiara Lorini & Heather D. Gibbs & Francesco Sofi & Vieri Lastrucci & Gino Sartor & Ilaria Fulvi & Duccio Giorgetti & Giuseppe Cavallo & Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, 2021. "The Nutrition Literacy Assessment Instrument for Italian Subjects, NLit-IT: Exploring Validity and Reliability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-19, March.

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