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Impacts of Drought on Maize and Soybean Production in Northeast China During the Past Five Decades

Author

Listed:
  • Chunyi Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Hans W. Linderholm

    (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
    Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK)

  • Yanling Song

    (State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Fang Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Yanju Liu

    (National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Jinfeng Tian

    (Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany)

  • Jinxia Xu

    (Climate Center of Sichuan Province, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610072, China)

  • Yingbo Song

    (National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Guoyu Ren

    (National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
    Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

Climate change has a distinct impact on agriculture in China, particularly in the northeast, a key agriculture area sensitive to extreme hydroclimate events. Using monthly climate and agriculture data, the influence of drought on maize and soybean yields—two of the main crops in the region—in northeast China since 1961 to 2017 were investigated. The results showed that the temperature in the growing season increased by 1.0 °C from the period 1998–2017 to the period 1961–1980, while the annual precipitation decreased slightly. However, precipitation trends varied throughout the growing season (May–September), increasing slightly in May and June, but decreasing in July, August and September, associated with the weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon. Consequently, the annual and growing season drought frequency increased by 15%, and 25%, respectively, in the period 1998–2017 relative to the period 1961–1980. The highest drought frequency (55%) was observed in September. At the same time, the drought intensity during the growing season increased by 7.8%. The increasing frequency and intensity of drought had negative influences on the two crops. During moderate drought years in the period 1961–2017, 3.2% and 10.4% of the provincial maize and soybean yields were lost, respectively. However, during more severe drought years, losses doubled for soybean (21.8%), but increased more than four-fold for maize (14.0%). Moreover, in comparison to the period 1961–1980, a higher proportion of the yields were lost in the period 1998–2017, particularly for maize, which increased by 15% (increase for soybean was 2.4%). This change largely depends on increasing droughts in August and September, when both crops are in their filling stages. The impact of drought on maize and soybean production was different during different growth stages, where a strong relationship was noted between drought and yield loss of soybean in its filling stage. Given the sensitivity of maize and soybean yields in northeast China to drought, and the observed production trends, climate change will likely have significant negative impacts on productivity in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Chunyi Wang & Hans W. Linderholm & Yanling Song & Fang Wang & Yanju Liu & Jinfeng Tian & Jinxia Xu & Yingbo Song & Guoyu Ren, 2020. "Impacts of Drought on Maize and Soybean Production in Northeast China During the Past Five Decades," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-10, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:7:p:2459-:d:341255
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Zhixiao Zou & Changxiu Cheng & Shi Shen, 2023. "Effects of Meteorological Conditions and Irrigation Levels during Different Growth Stages on Maize Yield in the Jing-Jin-Ji Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-11, February.
    3. Hao, Baozhen & Ma, Jingli & Si, Shihua & Wang, Xiaojie & Wang, Shuli & Li, Fengmei & Jiang, Lina, 2024. "Response of grain yield and water productivity to plant density in drought-tolerant maize cultivar under irrigated and rainfed conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    4. Zhihui Li & Haowei Wu & Xiangzheng Deng, 2022. "Spatial Pattern of Water Footprints for Crop Production in Northeast China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-13, October.
    5. Vuwani Makuya & Weldemichael Tesfuhuney & Mokhele E. Moeletsi & Zaid Bello, 2024. "Assessing the Impact of Agricultural Drought on Yield over Maize Growing Areas, Free State Province, South Africa, Using the SPI and SPEI," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-24, May.
    6. Hengli Wang & Hong Liu & Danyang Wang, 2022. "Agricultural Insurance, Climate Change, and Food Security: Evidence from Chinese Farmers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, August.
    7. Hongpeng Guo & Sidong Xie & Chulin Pan, 2021. "The Impact of Planting Industry Structural Changes on Carbon Emissions in the Three Northeast Provinces of China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-20, January.
    8. Xuanwei Ning & Peipei Dong & Chengliang Wu & Yongliang Wang & Yang Zhang, 2022. "Influence Mechanisms of Dynamic Changes in Temperature, Precipitation, Sunshine Duration and Active Accumulated Temperature on Soybean Resources: A Case Study of Hulunbuir, China, from 1951 to 2019," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-19, November.

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