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Lead Toxicity: Health Hazards, Influence on Food Chain, and Sustainable Remediation Approaches

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  • Amit Kumar

    (School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Amit Kumar

    (Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam 785000, India)

  • Cabral-Pinto M.M.S.

    (Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Ashish K. Chaturvedi

    (Water Management (Agriculture) Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode, Kerala 673571, India)

  • Aftab A. Shabnam

    (Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam 785000, India)

  • Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam

    (Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam 785000, India)

  • Raju Mondal

    (Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre (CSGRC), Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Thally Road, Hosur, Tamil Nadu 635109, India)

  • Dipak Kumar Gupta

    (ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute Regional Research Station Pali Marwar, Rajasthan 342003, India)

  • Sandeep K. Malyan

    (Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel)

  • Smita S. Kumar

    (Department of Environment science, J.C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, NH-2, Sector-6, Mathura Road, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India)

  • Shakeel A. Khan

    (Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Krishna K. Yadav

    (Institute of Environment and Development Studies, Bundelkhand University, Kanpur Road, Jhansi 284128, India)

Abstract

Lead (Pb) toxicity has been a subject of interest for environmental scientists due to its toxic effect on plants, animals, and humans. An increase in several Pb related industrial activities and use of Pb containing products such as agrochemicals, oil and paint, mining, etc. can lead to Pb contamination in the environment and thereby, can enter the food chain. Being one of the most toxic heavy metals, Pb ingestion via the food chain has proven to be a potential health hazard for plants and humans. The current review aims to summarize the research updates on Pb toxicity and its effects on plants, soil, and human health. Relevant literature from the past 20 years encompassing comprehensive details on Pb toxicity has been considered with key issues such as i) Pb bioavailability in soil, ii) Pb biomagnification, and iii) Pb- remediation, which has been addressed in detail through physical, chemical, and biological lenses. In the review, among different Pb-remediation approaches, we have highlighted certain advanced approaches such as microbial assisted phytoremediation which could possibly minimize the Pb load from the resources in a sustainable manner and would be a viable option to ensure a safe food production system.

Suggested Citation

  • Amit Kumar & Amit Kumar & Cabral-Pinto M.M.S. & Ashish K. Chaturvedi & Aftab A. Shabnam & Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam & Raju Mondal & Dipak Kumar Gupta & Sandeep K. Malyan & Smita S. Kumar & Shakeel A. K, 2020. "Lead Toxicity: Health Hazards, Influence on Food Chain, and Sustainable Remediation Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-33, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:7:p:2179-:d:336909
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Guanghui Guo & Mei Lei & Yanwen Wang & Bo Song & Jun Yang, 2018. "Accumulation of As, Cd, and Pb in Sixteen Wheat Cultivars Grown in Contaminated Soils and Associated Health Risk Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Renying Li & Zhigao Zhou & Xiaojin Xie & Yingxue Li & Yaohong Zhang & Xianghua Xu, 2016. "Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter on Uptake and Translocation of Lead in Brassica chinensis and Potential Health Risk of Pb," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-11, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ruxandra Malina Petrescu-Mag & Iris Vermeir & Carmen Roba & Dacinia Crina Petrescu & Nicoleta Bican-Brisan & Ildiko Melinda Martonos, 2021. "Is “Wild” a Food Quality Attribute? Heavy Metal Content in Wild and Cultivated Sea Buckthorn and Consumers’ Risk Perception," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Zaiga Landorfa-Svalbe & Māra Vikmane & Gederts Ievinsh, 2022. "Vermicompost Amendment in Soil Affects Growth and Physiology of Zea mays Plants and Decreases Pb Accumulation in Tissues," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Celia Sabando-Fraile & Marina Corral-Bobadilla & Rubén Lostado-Lorza & Fátima Somovilla-Gomez, 2023. "Multiresponse Performance Evaluation and Life Cycle Assessment for the Optimal Elimination of Pb (II) from Industrial Wastewater by Adsorption Using Vine Shoot Activated Carbon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-20, July.
    4. Adejoke Christianah Olufemi & Andile Mji & Murembiwa Stanley Mukhola, 2022. "Potential Health Risks of Lead Exposure from Early Life through Later Life: Implications for Public Health Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-21, November.
    5. Monika Wróbel & Wojciech Śliwakowski & Paweł Kowalczyk & Karol Kramkowski & Jakub Dobrzyński, 2023. "Bioremediation of Heavy Metals by the Genus Bacillus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Maria Dettwiler & Angela C. Flynn & Jessica Rigutto-Farebrother, 2023. "Effects of Non-Essential “Toxic” Trace Elements on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Narrative Overview of Recent Literature Syntheses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-16, April.
    7. Anirban Goutam Mukherjee & Kaviyarasi Renu & Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan & Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan & Sathishkumar Vinayagam & Soraya Paz-Montelongo & Abhijit Dey & Balachandar Vellingiri & Alex , 2023. "Heavy Metal and Metalloid Contamination in Food and Emerging Technologies for Its Detection," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-30, January.
    8. Lubna Jaber & Ihsanullah Ihsanullah & Ismail W. Almanassra & Sumina Namboorimadathil Backer & Alaa Abushawish & Abdelrahman K. A. Khalil & Hussain Alawadhi & Abdallah Shanableh & Muataz Ali Atieh, 2022. "Adsorptive Removal of Lead and Chromate Ions from Water by Using Iron-Doped Granular Activated Carbon Obtained from Coconut Shells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-24, August.
    9. Martyna A. Rzetala & Robert Machowski & Maksymilian Solarski & Daniel Bakota & Arkadiusz Płomiński & Mariusz Rzetala, 2023. "Toxic Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids in Bottom Sediments as a Geoecological Indicator of a Water Body’s Suitability for Recreational Use," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-23, February.
    10. Xiaoxian Zhang & Tingran Liu & Jichen Zhang & Ling Zhu, 2023. "Potential Mechanism of Long-Term Immobilization of Pb/Cd by Layered Double Hydroxide Doped Chicken-Manure Biochar," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-16, January.
    11. Md Sumon Reza & Shammya Afroze & Kairat Kuterbekov & Asset Kabyshev & Kenzhebatyr Zh. Bekmyrza & Md Naimul Haque & Shafi Noor Islam & Md Aslam Hossain & Mahbub Hassan & Hridoy Roy & Md Shahinoor Islam, 2023. "Advanced Applications of Carbonaceous Materials in Sustainable Water Treatment, Energy Storage, and CO 2 Capture: A Comprehensive Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-56, May.
    12. Jadwiga Wyszkowska & Agata Borowik & Jan Kucharski, 2022. "The Role of Grass Compost and Zea Mays in Alleviating Toxic Effects of Tetracycline on the Soil Bacteria Community," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-26, June.
    13. Mariame Kholaiq & Safaa Benmessaoud & Mohammed Kara & Amine Assouguem & Arshad Mehmood Abbasi & Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi & Mohamed S. Elshikh & Abdelmajid Rahimi & Najib Saber, 2022. "Sustainability of Coastal Agriculture in the Face of Soil Degradation: The Influence of Water Salinization as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-13, October.
    14. Patricia Rojas & Elizabeth Ruiz-Sánchez & Camilo Ríos & Ángel Ruiz-Chow & Aldo A. Reséndiz-Albor, 2021. "A Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Other Metals in Pharmaceutical Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements Containing Ginkgo biloba in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-19, August.
    15. Jie Zeng & Guilin Han & Shitong Zhang & Qian Zhang, 2022. "Suspended Sediments Quality Assessment in a Coastal River: Identification of Potentially Toxic Elements," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-14, April.
    16. Akhtar, Shahzad & Khan, Zafar Iqbal & Ahmad, Kafeel & Nadeem, Muhammad & Ejaz, Abid & Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar & Ashraf, Muhammad Arslan, 2022. "Assessment of lead toxicity in diverse irrigation regimes and potential health implications of agriculturally grown crops in Pakistan," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).

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