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Spatial Characteristics of Life Expectancy and Geographical Detection of Its Influencing Factors in China

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  • Yafei Wu

    (State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ke Hu

    (State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yaofeng Han

    (State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Qilin Sheng

    (State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Ya Fang

    (State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

Abstract

Life expectancy (LE) is a comprehensive and important index for measuring population health. Research on LE and its influencing factors is helpful for health improvement. Previous studies have neither considered the spatial stratified heterogeneity of LE nor explored the interactions between its influencing factors. Our study was based on the latest available LE and social and environmental factors data of 31 provinces in 2010 in China. Descriptive and spatial autocorrelation analyses were performed to explore the spatial characteristics of LE. Furthermore, the Geographical Detector (GeoDetector) technique was used to reveal the impact of social and environmental factors and their interactions on LE as well as their optimal range for the maximum LE level. The results show that there existed obvious spatial stratified heterogeneity of LE, and LE mainly presented two clustering types (high–high and low–low) with positive autocorrelation. The results of GeoDetector showed that the number of college students per 100,000 persons (NOCS) could mainly explained the spatial stratified heterogeneity of LE (Power of Determinant ( PD ) = 0.89, p < 0.001). With the discretization of social and environmental factors, we found that LE reached the highest level with birth rate, total dependency ratio, number of residents per household and water resource per capita at their minimum range; conversely, LE reached the highest level with consumption level, GDP per capita, number of college students per 100,000 persons, medical care expenditure and urbanization rate at their maximum range. In addition, the interaction of any two factors on LE was stronger than the effect of a single factor. Our study suggests that there existed obvious spatial stratified heterogeneity of LE in China, which could mainly be explained by NOCS.

Suggested Citation

  • Yafei Wu & Ke Hu & Yaofeng Han & Qilin Sheng & Ya Fang, 2020. "Spatial Characteristics of Life Expectancy and Geographical Detection of Its Influencing Factors in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:906-:d:315211
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhiheng Chen & Yuting Ma & Junyi Hua & Yuanhong Wang & Hongpeng Guo, 2021. "Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Jin-Li Hu & Min-Yueh Chuang & Shang-Ho Yeh, 2023. "A Dynamic DEA Analysis of Health Output Efficiencies of Cities and Counties in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Daquan Huang & Shuimiao Yang & Tao Liu, 2020. "Life Expectancy in Chinese Cities: Spatially Varied Role of Socioeconomic Development, Population Structure, and Natural Conditions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-24, September.

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