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Toward an Integrated Model for Soft-Mobility

Author

Listed:
  • David Chapman

    (Architecture Group, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Agneta Larsson

    (Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden)

Abstract

A key urban design challenge is to create built environments that encourage outdoor activity all year round. This study explores a new model for soft-mobility that places the interaction between the urban form, the seasonal climate and climate change, and the individual at the center of people’s soft-mobility choices, or in more general, their modal choice. The research methods used were comparative studies of documents, surveys, mental mapping, and photo elicitation. These studies were undertaken to research people’s outdoor activity in the built environment during the winter season of a cold climate settlement. The results were analyzed against the three-dimensions of the model. In the discussion it is argued that in places with significant climate variation, the interaction between the urban form, the season, and the individual together influence soft-mobility choices. In turn, these interactions influence people’s level of outdoor activity and the individual health benefits such activity can afford. In conclusion, it is highlighted that all three dimensions of the model are in a constant state of change and evolution, especially in relation to planning and development processes and climate change.

Suggested Citation

  • David Chapman & Agneta Larsson, 2019. "Toward an Integrated Model for Soft-Mobility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3669-:d:272159
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    2. World Commission on Environment and Development,, 1987. "Our Common Future," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780192820808.
    3. David Chapman & Kristina L. Nilsson & Agatino Rizzo & Agneta Larsson, 2019. "Winter City Urbanism: Enabling All Year Connectivity for Soft Mobility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-12, May.
    4. Catherine B. Chan & Daniel A. Ryan, 2009. "Assessing the Effects of Weather Conditions on Physical Activity Participation Using Objective Measures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-16, October.
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