IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v15y2018i6p1056-d148592.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Risk and Benefit of Different Cooking Methods on Essential Elements and Arsenic in Rice

Author

Listed:
  • Tasila Mwale

    (School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK)

  • Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman

    (Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia)

  • Debapriya Mondal

    (School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK)

Abstract

Use of excess water in cooking of rice is a well-studied short-term arsenic removal technique. However, the outcome on the nutritional content of rice is not well addressed. We determined the benefit of different cooking techniques on arsenic removal and the associated risk of losing the essential elements in rice. Overall, we found 4.5%, 30%, and 44% decrease in the arsenic content of rice when cooked with rice-to-water ratios of 1:3, 1:6 ( p = 0.004), and 1:10 (parboiling; p < 0.0001), respectively. All the essential elements (except iron, selenium, and copper) incurred a significant loss when rice was cooked using the 1:6 technique: potassium (50%), nickel (44.6%), molybdenum (38.5%), magnesium (22.4%), cobalt (21.2%), manganese (16.5%), calcium (14.5%), selenium (12%), iron (8.2%), zinc (7.7%), and copper (0.2%) and further reduction was observed on parboiling, except for iron. For the same cooking method (1:6), percentage contribution to the recommended daily intake (RDI) of essential elements was highest for molybdenum (154.7%), followed by manganese (34.5%), copper (33.4%), selenium (13.1%), nickel (12.4%), zinc (10%), magnesium (8%), iron (6.3%), potassium (1.8%), and calcium (0.5%). Hence, cooked rice as a staple is a poor source for essential elements and thus micronutrients.

Suggested Citation

  • Tasila Mwale & Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman & Debapriya Mondal, 2018. "Risk and Benefit of Different Cooking Methods on Essential Elements and Arsenic in Rice," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1056-:d:148592
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/6/1056/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/6/1056/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ninno, Carlo del & Roy, Dilip K., 2001. "Labour Market Characteristics In Rural Bangladesh After The 1998 Flood," Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, vol. 24(1-2), pages 1-25, December.
    2. del Ninno, Carlo & Dorosh, Paul A., 2001. "Averting a food crisis: private imports and public targeted distribution in Bangladesh after the 1998 flood," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 25(2-3), pages 337-346, September.
    3. Emily Sohn, 2014. "Contamination: The toxic side of rice," Nature, Nature, vol. 514(7524), pages 62-63, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Syfullah Shahriar & Alok Kumar Paul & Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, 2022. "Removal of Toxic and Essential Nutrient Elements from Commercial Rice Brands Using Different Washing and Cooking Practices: Human Health Risk Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-16, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Varaprasad Bandaru & Craig S. Daughtry & Eton E. Codling & David J. Hansen & Susan White-Hansen & Carrie E. Green, 2016. "Evaluating Leaf and Canopy Reflectance of Stressed Rice Plants to Monitor Arsenic Contamination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-16, June.
    2. Bairagi, Subir & Bhandari, Humnath & Kumar Das, Subrata & Mohanty, Samarendu, 2021. "Flood-tolerant rice improves climate resilience, profitability, and household consumption in Bangladesh," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    3. L. ALAN WINTERS & NEIL McCULLOCH & ANDREW McKAY, 2015. "Trade Liberalization and Poverty: The Evidence So Far," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Non-Tariff Barriers, Regionalism and Poverty Essays in Applied International Trade Analysis, chapter 14, pages 271-314, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    4. Syfullah Shahriar & Alok Kumar Paul & Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, 2022. "Removal of Toxic and Essential Nutrient Elements from Commercial Rice Brands Using Different Washing and Cooking Practices: Human Health Risk Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-16, February.
    5. Jayatilleke S. Bandara, 2009. "Trade and Poverty in South Asia: An Interpretive Survey," Discussion Papers in Economics economics:200909, Griffith University, Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics.
    6. Del Ninno, Carlo & Dorosh, Paul A. & Smith, Lisa C., 2003. "Public Policy, Markets and Household Coping Strategies in Bangladesh: Avoiding a Food Security Crisis Following the 1998 Floods," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 31(7), pages 1221-1238, July.
    7. Dorosh, Paul & Malik, Sohail & Krausova, Marika, 2010. "Rehabilitating agriculture and promoting food security following the 2010 Pakistan floods: Insights from South Asian experience," IFPRI discussion papers 1028, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    8. del Ninno, Carlo & Dorosh, Paul A. & Subbarao, Kalanidhi, 2007. "Food aid, domestic policy and food security: Contrasting experiences from South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 413-435, August.
    9. Bimal Kanti Paul & Sharif Mahmood, 2016. "Selected physical parameters as determinants of flood fatalities in Bangladesh, 1972–2013," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 83(3), pages 1703-1715, September.
    10. Janani Vivekananda & Janpeter Schilling & Shreya Mitra & Nisha Pandey, 2014. "On shrimp, salt and security: livelihood risks and responses in South Bangladesh and East India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 16(6), pages 1141-1161, December.
    11. del Ninno, Carlo & Lundberg, Mattias, 2005. "Treading water: The long-term impact of the 1998 flood on nutrition in Bangladesh," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 3(1), pages 67-96, March.
    12. Bairagi, Subir K. & Durand-Morat, Alvaro, 2021. "The Impacts of Droughts and Floods on the Global Rice Market," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313859, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    13. Wanling He & Xiaoli Li & Shu Guo & Longbang Yang & Dong Li, 2021. "Arsenic accumulation, speciation and bioavailability in rice cultivated in arsanilic acid exposed soil," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 67(5), pages 307-316.
    14. Aznarul Islam & Susmita Ghosh, 2021. "Economic transformation in the wake of flood: a case of the lower stretch of the Mayurakshi River Basin, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(10), pages 15550-15590, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1056-:d:148592. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.