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Socioeconomic Context and the Food Landscape in Texas: Results from Hotspot Analysis and Border/Non-Border Comparison of Unhealthy Food Environments

Author

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  • Jennifer J. Salinas

    (University of Texas School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), Brownsville Regional Campus, UTB Campus- RAHC Building, 80 Fort Brown, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA)

  • Bassent Abdelbary

    (University of Texas School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), Brownsville Regional Campus, UTB Campus- RAHC Building, 80 Fort Brown, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA)

  • Kelly Klaas

    (Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, 3445 Executive Center Drive Suite 150, Austin, TX 78731, USA)

  • Beatriz Tapia

    (School of Medicine, Family and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Regional Academic Health Center, 2102 Treasure Hills Blvd., Harlingen, TX 78550, USA)

  • Ken Sexton

    (University of Texas School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), Brownsville Regional Campus, UTB Campus- RAHC Building, 80 Fort Brown, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA)

Abstract

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to describe the food landscape of Texas using the CDC’s Modified Retail Food Environment (mRFEI) and to make comparisons by border/non-border. Methods : The Modified Retail Food Environment index (mRFEI (2008)) is an index developed by the CDC that measures what percent of the total food vendors in a census track sell healthy food. The range of values is 0 (unhealthy areas with limited access to fruits and vegetables) to (100—Healthy). These data were linked to 2010 US Census socioeconomic and ethnic concentration data. Spatial analysis and GIS techniques were applied to assess the differences between border and non-border regions. Variables of interest were mRFEI score, median income, total population, percent total population less than five years, median age, % receiving food stamps, % Hispanic, and % with a bachelor degree. Results : Findings from this study reveal that food environment in Texas tends to be characteristic of a “food desert”. Analysis also demonstrates differences by border/non-border location and percent of the population that is foreign born and by percent of families who receive food stamps. Conclusions : Identifying the relationship between socioeconomic disparity, ethnic concentration and mRFEI score could be a fundamental step in improving health in disadvantage communities, particularly those on the Texas-Mexico border.

Suggested Citation

  • Jennifer J. Salinas & Bassent Abdelbary & Kelly Klaas & Beatriz Tapia & Ken Sexton, 2014. "Socioeconomic Context and the Food Landscape in Texas: Results from Hotspot Analysis and Border/Non-Border Comparison of Unhealthy Food Environments," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:11:y:2014:i:6:p:5640-5650:d:36469
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    1. Reitzel, L.R. & Regan, S.D. & Nguyen, N. & Cromley, E.K. & Strong, L.L. & Wetter, D.W. & McNeill, L.H., 2014. "Density and proximity of fast food restaurants and body mass index among African Americans," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(1), pages 110-116.
    2. Carroll-Scott, Amy & Gilstad-Hayden, Kathryn & Rosenthal, Lisa & Peters, Susan M. & McCaslin, Catherine & Joyce, Rebecca & Ickovics, Jeannette R., 2013. "Disentangling neighborhood contextual associations with child body mass index, diet, and physical activity: The role of built, socioeconomic, and social environments," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 106-114.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mimi Ton & Michael J. Widener & Peter James & Trang VoPham, 2021. "Food Environments and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Jennifer J. Salinas & Jon Sheen & Malcolm Carlyle & Navkiran K. Shokar & Gerardo Vazquez & Daniel Murphy & Ogechika Alozie, 2020. "Using Electronic Medical Record Data to Better Understand Obesity in Hispanic Neighborhoods in El Paso, Texas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-12, June.
    3. Vincent Smets & Jeroen Cant & Stefanie Vandevijvere, 2022. "The Changing Landscape of Food Deserts and Swamps over More than a Decade in Flanders, Belgium," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-19, October.

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