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Towards Energy Transformation: A Case Study of EU Countries

Author

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  • Anna Manowska

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation in Industry, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Anna Bluszcz

    (Department of Safety Engineering, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Iwona Chomiak-Orsa

    (Department of Business Intelligence in Management, Wroclaw University of Economics, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Rafał Wowra

    (JSW IT SYSTEMS Spółka z o.o., ul. Armii Krajowej 56, 44-330 Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Poland)

Abstract

The decarbonization of European economies is an established reality that has been accelerating in recent years. The focus of EU policy is on the dynamic transformation of the energy balances of Member States, which most significantly impacts economies reliant on coal. In the context of emerging megatrends, this study sets out to determine the extent of changes occurring in the economies of European Union countries in relation to the Green Deal paradigm. The objective of this article is to introduce a comprehensive method developed by the authors for assessing the dynamics of energy transformation in the European Union countries under study. This method is divided into two phases. Initially, countries are classified according to the energy transformation dynamics matrix. Subsequently, the actual assessment of energy transformation dynamics is conducted using a novel composite indicator, the ETPI (Energy Transition Progress Index), based on analyses for 2022 and 2013 using Eurostat data. The results identify leaders in energy transformation, such as Sweden, Germany, Denmark, France, Italy, Spain, Austria, Finland, and the Netherlands, while highlighting significant challenges facing Poland and Bulgaria.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Manowska & Anna Bluszcz & Iwona Chomiak-Orsa & Rafał Wowra, 2024. "Towards Energy Transformation: A Case Study of EU Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-26, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:7:p:1778-:d:1371877
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Georgios Fotis & Theodoros I. Maris & Valeri Mladenov, 2025. "Risks, Obstacles and Challenges of the Electrical Energy Transition in Europe: Greece as a Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-32, June.
    2. Patrycja Bąk & Marta Sukiennik & Barbara Kowal, 2025. "The Main Drivers of the Raw Materials and ICT Sectors in Poland Using PESTEL Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-23, April.
    3. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Krzysztof Dmytrów & Michał Bernard Pietrzak, 2025. "Quality of Consumed Energy as a Key Element in the Development of Processes of Energy Transformation in the European Union Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-20, January.

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