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Optimal Observer-Based Power Imbalance Allocation for Frequency Regulation in Shipboard Microgrids

Author

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  • Gianmario Rinaldi

    (Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK)

  • Devika K. Baby

    (Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK)

  • Prathyush P. Menon

    (Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK)

Abstract

This paper proposes a two-level control strategy based on a super-twisting sliding-mode algorithm (STA) to optimally allocate power imbalances in shipboard microgrids (SMGs) while achieving frequency regulation. The strategy employs an STA observer to estimate the unknown power load demand imbalances in finite time. This estimate is then passed to an online high-level optimal control framework to periodically determine the optimal sequence of power reference values for each energy storage device (ESS), minimising the operational cost of the SMG. The online optimised power reference values are interpolated and passed to the low-level STA control strategy to control the output power of each ESS. The efficacy of the proposed methods is demonstrated through numerical simulations conducted on a prototypical model of an SMG equipped with two ESSs, namely batteries and fuel cells with associated hydrogen storage.

Suggested Citation

  • Gianmario Rinaldi & Devika K. Baby & Prathyush P. Menon, 2024. "Optimal Observer-Based Power Imbalance Allocation for Frequency Regulation in Shipboard Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:7:p:1703-:d:1369141
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zia, Muhammad Fahad & Elbouchikhi, Elhoussin & Benbouzid, Mohamed, 2018. "Microgrids energy management systems: A critical review on methods, solutions, and prospects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 1033-1055.
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