IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v17y2024i24p6355-d1545933.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating the Full Process of Flexibility Provision from Decentralised Energy Systems: From Quantification of Flexibility Potential to the Evaluation of Flexibility Provision Impacts

Author

Listed:
  • Nailya Maitanova

    (German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany)

  • Sunke Schlüters

    (German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany)

  • Benedikt Hanke

    (German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany)

  • Karsten von Maydell

    (German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany)

Abstract

Although they are primarily installed for specific applications, decentralised energy systems, storage systems, and controllable loads can provide flexibility. However, this varies over time. This study investigates the fundamentals of flexibility provision, including quantification, aggregation, simulation, and impact on energy systems and the power grid. We extended our methods by integrating adjustments to calculate the flexibility potential of heat pumps (HPs) and heat storage (HS) systems, as well as by incorporating variability and uncertainty. The simulations revealed the relevance of energy systems operation to flexibility, e.g., 2 K deviation in HS temperature increased theoretical coverage by 16 percentage points. The results also proved that aggregating multiple systems could obviously enhance their flexibility potential, e.g., six investigated battery storage (BS) systems could have covered up to 20 percentage points more external flexibility requests than any individual unit. The provision of flexibility by decentralised energy systems can lead to energy surpluses or deficits. Such imbalances could have been fully balanced in a system- and grid-oriented manner in 44% of BS simulations and in 32% of HP-HS ones. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of the system- and grid-oriented operation of decentralised energy systems, alongside local optimisation, for a future energy infrastructure.

Suggested Citation

  • Nailya Maitanova & Sunke Schlüters & Benedikt Hanke & Karsten von Maydell, 2024. "Investigating the Full Process of Flexibility Provision from Decentralised Energy Systems: From Quantification of Flexibility Potential to the Evaluation of Flexibility Provision Impacts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-26, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:24:p:6355-:d:1545933
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6355/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6355/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Natapon Wanapinit & Nils Offermann & Connor Thelen & Christoph Kost & Christian Rehtanz, 2024. "Operative Benefits of Residential Battery Storage for Decarbonizing Energy Systems: A German Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Mlecnik, Erwin & Parker, James & Ma, Zheng & Corchero, Cristina & Knotzer, Armin & Pernetti, Roberta, 2020. "Policy challenges for the development of energy flexibility services," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Agbonaye, Osaru & Keatley, Patrick & Huang, Ye & Ademulegun, Oluwasola O. & Hewitt, Neil, 2021. "Mapping demand flexibility: A spatio-temporal assessment of flexibility needs, opportunities and response potential," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    4. Maitanova, Nailya & Schlüters, Sunke & Hanke, Benedikt & von Maydell, Karsten, 2024. "An analytical method for quantifying the flexibility potential of decentralised energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).
    5. Li, Han & Johra, Hicham & de Andrade Pereira, Flavia & Hong, Tianzhen & Le Dréau, Jérôme & Maturo, Anthony & Wei, Mingjun & Liu, Yapan & Saberi-Derakhtenjani, Ali & Nagy, Zoltan & Marszal-Pomianowska,, 2023. "Data-driven key performance indicators and datasets for building energy flexibility: A review and perspectives," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sæle, Hanne & Sperstad, Iver Bakken & Wang Hoiem, Kristian & Mathiesen, Vivi, 2023. "Understanding barriers to utilising flexibility in operation and planning of the electricity distribution system – Classification frameworks with applications to Norway," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    2. Leila Luttenberger Marić & Hrvoje Keko & Marko Delimar, 2022. "The Role of Local Aggregator in Delivering Energy Savings to Household Consumers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-27, April.
    3. Ingrid Hopley & Mehrdad Ghahramani & Asma Aziz, 2024. "Techno-Economic Factors Impacting the Intrinsic Value of Behind-the-Meter Distributed Storage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-26, November.
    4. Williams, B. & Bishop, D., 2024. "Flexible futures: The potential for electrical energy demand response in New Zealand," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    5. Ilaria Vigna & Jessica Balest & Wilmer Pasut & Roberta Pernetti, 2020. "Office Occupants’ Perspective Dealing with Energy Flexibility: A Large-Scale Survey in the Province of Bolzano," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, August.
    6. Yin, Linfei & Qiu, Yao, 2022. "Long-term price guidance mechanism of flexible energy service providers based on stochastic differential methods," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
    7. Kotarela, F. & Kyritsis, A. & Papanikolaou, N. & Kalogirou, S.A., 2021. "Enhanced nZEB concept incorporating a sustainable Grid Support Scheme," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 714-725.
    8. Agbonaye, Osaru & Keatley, Patrick & Huang, Ye & Odiase, Friday O. & Hewitt, Neil, 2022. "Value of demand flexibility for managing wind energy constraint and curtailment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 487-500.
    9. Josh Eichman & Marc Torrecillas Castelló & Cristina Corchero, 2022. "Reviewing and Exploring the Qualitative Impacts That Different Market and Regulatory Measures Can Have on Encouraging Energy Communities Based on Their Organizational Structure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, March.
    10. Morteza Zare Oskouei & Ayşe Aybike Şeker & Süleyman Tunçel & Emin Demirbaş & Tuba Gözel & Mehmet Hakan Hocaoğlu & Mehdi Abapour & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, 2022. "A Critical Review on the Impacts of Energy Storage Systems and Demand-Side Management Strategies in the Economic Operation of Renewable-Based Distribution Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-34, February.
    11. Golmohamadi, Hessam, 2022. "Demand-side management in industrial sector: A review of heavy industries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    12. Yamujala, Sumanth & Kushwaha, Priyanka & Jain, Anjali & Bhakar, Rohit & Wu, Jianzhong & Mathur, Jyotirmay, 2021. "A stochastic multi-interval scheduling framework to quantify operational flexibility in low carbon power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    13. Fiona Shirani & Kate O’Sullivan & Rachel Hale & Nick Pidgeon & Karen Henwood, 2022. "From Active Houses to Active Homes: Understanding Resident Experiences of Transformational Design and Social Innovation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-18, October.
    14. Neil J. Hewitt, 2024. "Decarbonizing Energy of a City: Identifying Barriers and Pathways," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-13, January.
    15. Ciara Ahern & Ronan Oliver & Brian Norton, 2024. "Harnessing Curtailed Wind-Generated Electricity via Electrical Water Heating Aggregation to Alleviate Energy Poverty: A Use Case in Ireland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-25, May.
    16. Brucke, Karoline & Schlüters, Sunke & Hanke, Benedikt & Agert, Carsten & von Maydell, Karsten, 2025. "System friendliness of distributed resources in sustainable energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    17. Davor Zoričić & Goran Knežević & Marija Miletić & Denis Dolinar & Danijela Miloš Sprčić, 2022. "Integrated Risk Analysis of Aggregators: Policy Implications for the Development of the Competitive Aggregator Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-22, July.
    18. Li, Han & Johra, Hicham & de Andrade Pereira, Flavia & Hong, Tianzhen & Le Dréau, Jérôme & Maturo, Anthony & Wei, Mingjun & Liu, Yapan & Saberi-Derakhtenjani, Ali & Nagy, Zoltan & Marszal-Pomianowska,, 2023. "Data-driven key performance indicators and datasets for building energy flexibility: A review and perspectives," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    19. Gao, Ding & Zhi, Yuan & Rong, Xing & Yang, Xudong, 2025. "Mismatch analysis of rooftop photovoltaics supply and farmhouse load: Data dimensionality reduction and explicable load pattern mining via hybrid deep learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PB).
    20. Mainali, Brijesh & Mahapatra, Krushna & Pardalis, Georgios, 2021. "Strategies for deep renovation market of detached houses," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:24:p:6355-:d:1545933. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.