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Algal-Mediated Carbon Dioxide Separation in Biological Hydrogen Production

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  • Natascha Eggers

    (Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
    Department of Mechanical Engineering and Production Management, Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, Institut für Erneuerbare Energien und Energieeffiziente Anlagen (IEE), University of Applied Sciences Hamburg, 20999 Hamburg, Germany)

  • Sachin Kumar Ramayampet

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany)

  • Torsten Birth-Reichert

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering and Production Management, Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, Institut für Erneuerbare Energien und Energieeffiziente Anlagen (IEE), University of Applied Sciences Hamburg, 20999 Hamburg, Germany)

Abstract

The production of hydrogen via dark fermentation generates carbon dioxide, which needs to be separated and re-utilized to minimize the environmental impact. This research investigates the potential of utilizing algae for carbon dioxide sequestration in hydrogen production via dark fermentation. However, algae alone cannot fully use all the carbon dioxide produced, necessitating the implementation of a multistage separation process. This study proposes a purification approach that integrates membrane separation with a photobioreactor in a multistage design layout. Mathematical models were used to simulate the performance efficiency of multistage design layout using MATLAB 2015b (Version 9.3). A detailed parametric analysis and the key parameters influencing the separation efficiency were conducted for each stage. This study explores how reactor geometry, operational dynamics (such as gas transfer rates and light availability), and algae growth impact both CO 2 removal and hydrogen purity. An optimization strategy was used to obtain the set of optimal operating and design parameters. Our results have shown a significant improvement in hydrogen purity, increasing from 55% to 99% using this multistage separation process, while CO 2 removal efficiency rose from 35% to 85% over a week. This study highlights the potential of combining membrane technology with photobioreactors to enhance hydrogen purification, offering a more sustainable and efficient solution for hydrogen production.

Suggested Citation

  • Natascha Eggers & Sachin Kumar Ramayampet & Torsten Birth-Reichert, 2024. "Algal-Mediated Carbon Dioxide Separation in Biological Hydrogen Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-28, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:24:p:6261-:d:1541793
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    References listed on IDEAS

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