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A Feasible Region-Based Evaluation Method for the Renewable Energy Hosting Capacity with Frequency Security Constraints

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  • Zhi Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030000, China)

  • Haibo Zhao

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030000, China)

  • Qingyue Ran

    (State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Yao Wang

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030000, China)

  • Juan Yu

    (State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Hongli Liu

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030000, China)

  • Hui Duan

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030000, China)

Abstract

As renewable energy becomes more widespread, the uncertainty of its output poses serious challenges for peak and frequency regulation of the power system. Evaluating a grid’s capacity to integrate renewable energy sources can provide an early-warning and decision-making basis for grid operation and scheduling. This paper presents a method for evaluating the hosting capacity of renewable energy, considering frequency security constraints. Introducing the system frequency nadir constraint into a system ensures that the frequency does not drop to a dangerous level in the event of power disturbances. The analytical characterization relation equation for the system frequency nadir constraint is constructed based on polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) theory. Furthermore, with the goal of minimizing the reduction in renewable energy, considering multiple flexible resources, like demand response (DR), Combined Heat and Power (CHP), energy storage, and Power-to-Gas (P2G), a renewable energy hosting capacity evaluation model that considers frequency security and flexibility resources is established. Finally, based on the concept of the feasible region, the maximum hosting capacity of a system’s renewable energy is visualized using the progressive vertex enumeration method. It identifies the safe operating region for renewable energy output that meets the safety constraints of power grid operations. The simulation results were validated using a modified IEEE 39 bus system.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhi Zhang & Haibo Zhao & Qingyue Ran & Yao Wang & Juan Yu & Hongli Liu & Hui Duan, 2024. "A Feasible Region-Based Evaluation Method for the Renewable Energy Hosting Capacity with Frequency Security Constraints," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:13:p:3317-:d:1429837
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lu, Xiaoxing & Li, Kangping & Xu, Hanchen & Wang, Fei & Zhou, Zhenyu & Zhang, Yagang, 2020. "Fundamentals and business model for resource aggregator of demand response in electricity markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    2. Cevallos-Sierra, Jaime & Ramos-Martin, Jesús, 2018. "Spatial assessment of the potential of renewable energy: The case of Ecuador," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1154-1165.
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