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Biodiesel from Rapeseed and Sunflower Oil: Effect of the Transesterification Conditions and Oxidation Stability

Author

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  • Elena Khan

    (Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 43, Tomsk 63400, Russia)

  • Kadir Ozaltin

    (Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nam. T.G.M. 5555, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic)

  • Damiano Spagnuolo

    (Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Salita Sperone 31, 98166 Messina, Italy)

  • Andres Bernal-Ballen

    (Facultad de Educación, Grupo de investigacion Conciencia, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Calle 22 sur No. 12D-81, Bogota 111821, Colombia)

  • Maxim V. Piskunov

    (Heat Mass Transfer Laboratory, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 43, Tomsk 63400, Russia)

  • Antonio Di Martino

    (Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 43, Tomsk 63400, Russia)

Abstract

In this study, we produced biodiesel fuel from two vegetal sources, rapeseed oil and sunflower oil, by transesterification reaction. The study aims to evaluate the impact of type of alcohol, its concentration and the reaction time, while keeping constant the temperature and the catalyst on the yield and quality of the biodiesel. For alcohol, methanol and ethanol were used at a molar ratio with the oil from 3 to 24. Transesterification was performed at various reaction times; 20, 40, 60 and 90 min for each oil and defined alcohol:oil molar ratio. The influence of these parameters on the biodiesel yield and properties were investigated in terms of density, viscosity, heating value, flash point, elemental content, density and oxidative stability of the final product. The benefit of oxidation stabilizers, catechol and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol was investigated. Results demonstrate that for rapeseed oil, the optimum reaction conditions to obtain a higher yield and quality of biodiesel were an alcohol:oil molar ratio of 15:1, with 60-min reaction time at 50 °C; while in the case of sunflower oil, the best yield and biodiesel quality were at an 18:1 molar ratio, with a 40-min reaction time and at 50 °C. In both cases, methanol provides the highest yields of biodiesel, and the obtained products satisfy the required standards and present a similarity with mineral diesel tested in same conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Khan & Kadir Ozaltin & Damiano Spagnuolo & Andres Bernal-Ballen & Maxim V. Piskunov & Antonio Di Martino, 2023. "Biodiesel from Rapeseed and Sunflower Oil: Effect of the Transesterification Conditions and Oxidation Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:657-:d:1026498
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andra Lovasz & Nicu Cornel Sabau & Ioana Borza & Radu Brejea, 2023. "Production and Quality of Biodiesel under the Influence of a Rapeseed Fertilization System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-27, April.
    2. Suman Dey & Akhilendra Pratap Singh & Sameer Sheshrao Gajghate & Sagnik Pal & Bidyut Baran Saha & Madhujit Deb & Pankaj Kumar Das, 2023. "Optimization of CI Engine Performance and Emissions Using Alcohol–Biodiesel Blends: A Regression Analysis Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Sergio Nogales-Delgado & Agustina Guiberteau Cabanillas & Juan Pedro Moro & José María Encinar Martín, 2023. "Use of Propyl Gallate in Cardoon Biodiesel to Keep Its Main Properties during Oxidation," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-15, May.
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    5. Stefan Cristian Galusnyak & Letitia Petrescu & Dora Andreea Chisalita & Calin-Cristian Cormos & Marco Ugolini, 2023. "From Secondary Biomass to Bio-Methanol through CONVERGE Technology: An Environmental Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-18, March.

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