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Corrosion of Heat Transfer Materials by Potassium-Contaminated Ilmenite Bed Particles in Chemical-Looping Combustion of Biomass

Author

Listed:
  • Jan-Erik Eriksson

    (Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

  • Maria Zevenhoven

    (Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

  • Patrik Yrjas

    (Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

  • Anders Brink

    (Laboratory of Process and Systems Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

  • Leena Hupa

    (Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

Abstract

This study discusses the potential corrosion of boiler materials in chemical-looping combustion (CLC) of biomass. The CLC of biomass has the potential to negative CO 2 emission in heat and power production. Biomass fuels, however, typically contain compounds of alkali metals, especially potassium and chloride, which may lead to the corrosion of heat-transfer surfaces in the reactors. The influence of potassium-contaminated ilmenite bed material deposits on the corrosion of seven heat transfer materials used in the air and fuel reactors in CLC was studied using one-week lab-scale experiments. Samples with KCl and without any deposit were used as references. After the exposure, the cross-sectional surfaces of the metals were analyzed with SEM/EDX. The results suggested that potassium-contaminated ilmenite might lead to minor corrosion of all studied materials under the oxidizing conditions simulating the air reactor, i.e., 700 °C and dry air. Under reducing fuel reactor conditions, i.e., 450 °C and 550 °C and 50/50 CO 2 /H 2 O, corrosion was observed on ferritic steels, especially in the presence of HCl and with KCl deposit. In contrast, samples with uncontaminated and potassium-contaminated ilmenite deposits did not significantly differ from the samples without any deposit. Minor corrosion of ferritic steels was observed at 450 °C, while at 550 °C, the corrosion was more significant. The results suggested that ferritic steels are not suitable for the fuel reactor. Austenitic and nickel-based alloys did not corrode under the test conditions used in this work.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan-Erik Eriksson & Maria Zevenhoven & Patrik Yrjas & Anders Brink & Leena Hupa, 2022. "Corrosion of Heat Transfer Materials by Potassium-Contaminated Ilmenite Bed Particles in Chemical-Looping Combustion of Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2740-:d:789630
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lyngfelt, Anders, 2014. "Chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Status of development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1869-1873.
    2. Tomasz Czakiert & Jaroslaw Krzywanski & Anna Zylka & Wojciech Nowak, 2022. "Chemical Looping Combustion: A Brief Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Knutsson, Pavleta & Linderholm, Carl, 2015. "Characterization of ilmenite used as oxygen carrier in a 100kW chemical-looping combustor for solid fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 368-373.
    4. Zevenhoven, Maria & Sevonius, Christoffer & Salminen, Patrik & Lindberg, Daniel & Brink, Anders & Yrjas, Patrik & Hupa, Leena, 2018. "Defluidization of the oxygen carrier ilmenite – Laboratory experiments with potassium salts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 930-940.
    5. Ishida, Masaru & Jin, Hongguang, 1994. "A new advanced power-generation system using chemical-looping combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 415-422.
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