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Wet Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Distillation

Author

Listed:
  • Noah Yakah

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa P.O. Box 237, Ghana)

  • Imtisal-e- Noor

    (Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Andrew Martin

    (Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Anthony Simons

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa P.O. Box 237, Ghana)

  • Mahrokh Samavati

    (Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden)

Abstract

The use of waste incineration with energy recovery is a matured waste-to-energy (WtE) technology. Waste incineration can reduce the volume and mass of municipal solid waste significantly. However, the generation of high volumes of polluting flue gases is one of the major drawbacks of this technology. Acidic gases are constituents in the flue gas stream which are deemed detrimental to the environment. The wet flue gas desulphurization (FGD) method is widely employed to clean acidic gases from flue gas streams, due to its high efficiency. A major setback of the wet FGD technology is the production of wastewater, which must be treated before reuse or release into the environment. Treating the wastewater from the wet FGD presents challenges owing to the high level of contamination of heavy metals and other constituents. Membrane distillation (MD) offers several advantages in this regard, owing to the capture of low-grade heat to drive the process. In this study the wet FGD method is adopted for use in a proposed waste incineration plant located in Ghana. Through a mass and energy flow analysis it was found that MD was well matched to treat the 20 m 3 /h of wastewater generated during operation. Thermal performance of the MD system was assessed together with two parametric studies. The thermal efficiency, gained output ratio, and specific energy consumption for the optimized MD system simulated was found to be 64.9%, 2.34 and 966 kWh/m 3 , respectively, with a total thermal energy demand of 978.6 kW.

Suggested Citation

  • Noah Yakah & Imtisal-e- Noor & Andrew Martin & Anthony Simons & Mahrokh Samavati, 2022. "Wet Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Distillation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:24:p:9439-:d:1002230
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Swaminathan, Jaichander & Chung, Hyung Won & Warsinger, David M. & Lienhard V, John H., 2018. "Energy efficiency of membrane distillation up to high salinity: Evaluating critical system size and optimal membrane thickness," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 715-734.
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